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Severe fire regimes decrease resilience of ectothermic populations.

Heitor Campos de Sousa1, Adriana Malvasio1, Guarino Rinaldi Colli2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Demographic resilience in lizards depends on reproduction, not just resistance. Intermediate fire severity aids recovery, while severe fires can lead to population collapse, highlighting the need for fire heterogeneity in conservation.

Keywords:
demographydisturbanceecophysiologyenvironmental changeintegral projection modellife historyreptiletransient dynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Environmental Science
  • Conservation Biology

Background:

  • Understanding population responses to environmental change is critical for conservation.
  • Demographic resilience components (resistance, compensation, recovery) are key to population persistence.
  • Prescribed fire regimes significantly impact savanna ecosystems and their inhabitants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how demographic resilience components co-vary with life history traits in three lizard species under varying fire regimes.
  • To determine the influence of weather, microclimate, and ecophysiological traits on lizard vital rates and resilience.
  • To identify key drivers of demographic resilience across different fire severities and climatic conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Bayesian hierarchical framework with 14 years of individual-level mark-recapture data.
  • Employed stochastic integral projection models parameterized with estimated vital rates (survival, growth, reproduction).
  • Analyzed data from five Brazilian savanna sites with distinct historical fire regimes.

Main Results:

  • Weather and microclimate were stronger predictors of vital rates than ecophysiological traits.
  • Severe fire regimes enhanced resistance but reduced compensation and recovery; intermediate severity promoted higher compensation and recovery.
  • Reproductive output and generation time predicted resilience trends; monthly reproduction was a proximal driver of demographic resilience.

Conclusions:

  • Lizard populations may reach a tipping point and an alternative stable state under severe fire regimes.
  • Fire regime heterogeneity can enhance population resilience by promoting reproduction and avoiding high-severity disturbances.
  • Reproductive constraints (e.g., viviparity, fixed clutch size) significantly impact ectotherm recovery and resilience, crucial for conservation assessments.