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Published on: April 23, 2014
Vocational Rehabilitation Service Receipt, Service Expenditures, and Ruralness.
Catherine Ipsen1, Kamini Jain2, Steven Stern2
1University of Montana, Rural Institute for Inclusive Communities, 241 N. Corbin Hall, Missoula, MT 59812.
Geographic distance and sociodemographic factors influence Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) service receipt. Black individuals and those far from urban centers received different services, highlighting disparities in VR program accessibility.
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Area of Science:
- Rehabilitation Science
- Health Services Research
- Sociology of Health
Background:
- Geographic factors, including proximity to Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) offices and provider availability, significantly impact VR service delivery capacity.
- Understanding these spatial and resource-related elements is crucial for equitable service provision.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the receipt of VR job search and placement services.
- To analyze how distance from urban centers, demographic characteristics, and disability influence service access.
- To control for local employment conditions in the analysis.
Main Methods:
- Utilized 2015 RSA-911 case services data.
- Employed probit regression to estimate service receipt probabilities for various service/source combinations.
- Applied Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and semi-parametric regression to model log expenditures for service categories.
Main Results:
- Black individuals and those living far from metropolitan areas were more likely to receive agency-based VR services but less likely to receive purchased services.
- Older individuals and those with less education were less likely to receive agency services but more likely to receive purchased services.
- Females, Black individuals, and those over 50 miles from a metro area experienced significantly lower VR service expenditures.
Conclusions:
- Identified systematic disparities in the types and expenditures of VR services based on sociodemographic and geographic factors.
- Emphasized the need for further analysis to address and minimize inequities in VR service delivery.
- Called for policy and procedural reviews to ensure equitable outcomes for all VR service recipients.

