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Engineering hierarchical interfaces in high-temperature polymer dielectrics for electrostatic supercapacitors.

Xu Fan1, Zhicheng Li1, Yu Zhang1

  • 1School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China. panzhongbin@163.com.

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|September 23, 2024
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Summary

This study enhances dielectric polymer performance at high temperatures using heterojunction interface engineering. BaTiO3@Al2O3 nanofibers improve energy density and efficiency in polyethersulfone (PESU) composites.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Dielectric polymers are crucial for energy storage but suffer performance loss at high temperatures due to electrical conduction.
  • Existing materials struggle with reduced energy density and charge-discharge efficiency under thermal stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a universal approach for improving dielectric polymer capacitive performance across a wide temperature range.
  • To engineer heterojunction interfaces in polyethersulfone (PESU) composites for enhanced energy storage.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporation of one-dimensional heterojunction BaTiO3@Al2O3 nanofibers into PESU.
  • Creation of hierarchical interfaces to increase charge trap density and energy levels.
  • Utilizing finite element simulations to analyze breakdown path inhibition.

Main Results:

  • The PESU-3 vol% BaTiO3@Al2O3 nanocomposite achieved an energy density of 7.3 J cm-3.
  • Over 90% energy density retention was observed at 150 °C and 550 MV m-1.
  • Heterojunction structure effectively inhibited breakdown path propagation, confirmed by simulations.

Conclusions:

  • Hierarchical interface engineering with BaTiO3@Al2O3 nanofibers significantly enhances capacitive performance of PESU composites.
  • This strategy effectively reduces conduction losses and improves breakdown strength at high temperatures.
  • The developed nanocomposite offers a promising solution for high-temperature energy storage applications.