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Possible Heterozygous Hypercholesterolemia Among Adults in Basrah, Southern Iraq
Elaf A Khamees1, Nassar T Alibrahim2, Abbas A Mansour2
1Pathology, Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Center (FDEMC), University of Basrah, Basrah, IRQ.
Cureus
|September 24, 2024
Summary
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common genetic disorder. This study found 6.9% of adults in Basrah, Iraq, had high LDL-C, suggesting possible FH and the need for screening and treatment.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Genetics
- Public Health
Background:
- Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a prevalent, autosomal dominant genetic disorder.
- Elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels can indicate possible heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH).
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of elevated LDL-C (≥190 mg/dL) in adults in Basrah, Iraq.
- To identify potential cases of HeFH and inform public health strategies.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 59,026 adult patients (≥18 years) from August 2008 to December 2023.
- Inclusion criteria: fasting LDL-C ≥190 mg/dL.
- Data collected from Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolism Center (FDEMC).
Main Results:
- 6.9% (4,093/59,026) of individuals had LDL-C ≥190 mg/dL.
- The peak age group was 40-59 years (51.7%).
- Women (58.8%) and individuals with diabetes (71.7%) were predominant. Elevated LDL-C was more common in women (69.6%) and those with diabetes (84.1%).
Conclusions:
- The prevalence of possible HeFH in Basrah warrants increased awareness and targeted screening programs.
- Findings highlight the need for wider access to lipid-lowering therapies.
- Further genetic studies are recommended to confirm FH and explore sex and age-based prevalence differences.
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