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Updated: Jun 12, 2025

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Representation of negative numbers: point estimation tasks using multi-reference sonification mappings.

Zico Pratama Putra1,2, Deni Setiawan3

  • 1Faculty of Information Technology, Universitas Nusa Mandiri, Depok, Jawa Barat, Indonesia.

Peerj. Computer Science
|September 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Auditory graphs with multiple reference tones improve mobile non-visual point estimation for all users. Visually impaired individuals showed enhanced performance with this auditory graph format, especially for negative number representation.

Keywords:
Auditory graphsNegative numbersNon-visual interactionPoint estimationSonification

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Area of Science:

  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Auditory Displays
  • Accessibility Technology

Background:

  • Mobile auditory graphs offer non-visual data representation for sighted and visually impaired users.
  • Current methods for presenting Y-coordinates, particularly negative numbers, require optimization.
  • Sonification schemes can enhance performance in mobile non-visual data interpretation tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate multi-reference sonification schemes for mobile auditory graphs.
  • To evaluate the representation of Y-coordinates, including negative numbers, in auditory graphs.
  • To compare the performance of normally sighted and visually impaired users with different auditory graph formats.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized multi-reference sonification schemes for auditory graph presentation.
  • Implemented a component representation approach for negative number mapping.
  • Conducted point estimation tasks with both normally sighted and visually impaired participants.

Main Results:

  • Both user groups achieved good performance on point estimation tasks using multi-reference auditory graphs.
  • Visually impaired participants outperformed normally sighted participants with the tested auditory graph format.
  • The component representation approach improved accuracy in identifying the polarity of negative numbers.

Conclusions:

  • Multi-reference sonification schemes are effective for mobile auditory graphs, enhancing non-visual point estimation.
  • Auditory graphs with multi-reference tones offer a promising accessibility solution for visually impaired users.
  • The proposed framework contributes to the design of effective mobile auditory devices and graph reproduction.