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Peripheral Nerve Injury After Deoxycholic Acid (ATX-101) Injection in an Experimental Rat Model
Aesthetic Surgery Journal
|September 24, 2024
Summary
Deoxycholic acid (ATX-101) injections can cause significant nerve damage, including demyelination and Wallerian degeneration in rats. Careful injection techniques are crucial to prevent neurotoxicity during fat reduction treatments.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Toxicology
- Dermatology
Background:
- Deoxycholic acid (ATX-101) is used for subcutaneous fat reduction but may cause nerve injury.
- Marginal mandibular nerve deficits have been reported with submental fat treatment.
- ATX-101's cytolytic properties might affect lipid-rich peripheral nerve myelin.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate nerve injury from ATX-101 in a rat sciatic nerve model.
- To characterize the extent and mechanism of ATX-101-induced neurotoxicity.
Main Methods:
- Comparison of intrafascicular and extrafascicular ATX-101 injections versus lidocaine and saline controls.
- Histomorphometric analysis of rat sciatic nerves at a 2-week endpoint.
Main Results:
- ATX-101 injections significantly increased nerve injury area compared to saline.
- Both intrafascicular and extrafascicular ATX-101 caused demyelination and Wallerian degeneration.
- Regenerating nerve fibers were smaller in ATX-101 treated groups.
Conclusions:
- ATX-101 can induce substantial nerve injury in a rat model.
- The neurotoxic mechanism of ATX-101 is not specific to myelin.
- Practitioners require anatomical knowledge and proper technique for safe ATX-101 administration.
