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Sex Differences in Chronic Postsurgical Pain after Open Thoracotomy.

Gisela Roca1, Sergi Sabate2, Ancor Serrano3

  • 1Pain Unit, Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Spain.

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|September 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Women experience a higher incidence of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) after thoracotomy compared to men. This highlights the need to consider sex and gender in surgical pain research.

Keywords:
chronic postsurgical paingendersex

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Area of Science:

  • Pain Research
  • Surgical Outcomes
  • Sex and Gender Differences in Health

Background:

  • Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is a significant concern following major surgical procedures.
  • Understanding factors influencing CPSP incidence is crucial for improving patient care.
  • Previous research has not fully elucidated sex-specific differences in CPSP after thoracotomy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) in women undergoing open thoracotomy.
  • To compare patient and procedural variables between women and men to identify potential contributing factors to CPSP.
  • To investigate the role of psychological measures and preoperative pain in sex-based differences in CPSP.

Main Methods:

  • An observational cohort study was conducted across ten university-affiliated hospitals.
  • Data were collected from 96 women and 137 men scheduled for open thoracotomy.
  • Pain history, psychological assessments, health status, catastrophizing scores, and clinical data were recorded, with CPSP diagnosed at 4 months post-surgery.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of CPSP was significantly higher in women (53.1%) compared to men (38.0%) (p = 0.023).
  • Women reported worse baseline psychological measures, including mental state perception (p = 0.01), depression (p = 0.006), and catastrophizing (p < 0.001).
  • Women also reported increased preoperative pain in both the operative area (p = 0.011) and other regions (p = 0.030).

Conclusions:

  • Physician-diagnosed chronic postsurgical pain occurs more frequently in women after thoracotomy.
  • Sex and gender represent important variables that should be integrated into future clinical research on surgical pain.
  • These findings underscore the need for sex- and gender-informed approaches to pain management in surgical patients.