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Racial disparities in central line-associated bloodstream infections: the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

Michael E DeWitt1,2, Mindy M Sampson3, Shelley Kester4

  • 1Section on Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology
|September 26, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Black patients experienced higher central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates compared to White patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. This disparity persisted even after accounting for COVID-19 infection and other clinical factors.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Health Equity
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) are a significant healthcare-associated complication.
  • Understanding racial disparities in infection rates is crucial for targeted interventions.
  • The COVID-19 pandemic may have exacerbated existing health inequities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate racial differences in CLABSI rates between Black and White inpatients.
  • To determine if these disparities were influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To analyze adjusted CLABSI rates considering COVID-19 infection and clinical factors.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study design.
  • Analysis of inpatient data from 11 southeastern US hospitals.
  • Data collected between 2019 and 2021, encompassing pre-pandemic and pandemic periods.

Main Results:

  • Higher rates of CLABSI were observed in Black inpatients compared to White inpatients.
  • This increased risk for Black patients was evident during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • The disparity remained statistically significant after adjusting for COVID-19 infection and other clinical variables.

Conclusions:

  • Racial disparities in CLABSI rates exist and were more pronounced during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Factors beyond COVID-19 infection and general clinical status contribute to these disparities.
  • Further research is needed to identify and address the root causes of these inequities in healthcare.

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