Stabilizing ultra-close Pt clusters on all-in-one CeO₂/Al₂O₃ fibril-in-tubes against sintering

Metal sintering poses significant challenges for developing reliable catalytic systems toward high-temperature reactions, particularly those based on metal clusters with sizes below 3 nm. In this work, electrospun dual-oxide fibril-in-tubes consisting of CeO₂ and Al₂O₃ are rationally designed in an all-in-one manner, to stabilize 2.3 nm Pt clusters with a Tammann temperature (sintering onset temperature) lower than 250 °C. The abundant pores and channels effectively stabilize the Pt clusters physically, while the strong support, CeO₂, with high adhesion, pins Pt clusters firmly, and the adjacent weak support, Al₂O₃, with low adhesion, provides energy barriers to prevent the clusters and emitted Pt atom(s) from moving across the support. Therefore, the ultra-close 2.3 nm Pt clusters, featuring an average nearest neighboring distance of only 2.1 nm, were carefully stabilized against sintering at temperatures exceeding 750 °C, even in oxidative and steam-containing environments. In addition, this catalytic system can efficiently and durably serve in diesel combustion, a high-temperature exothermic reaction, showing no activity decline after 5 cycles. This work provides a comprehensive understanding of sinter-resistant catalytic systems, and presents new insights for the development of advanced nanocatalysts.