Unraveling the Relationship Between Vitamin D and Oxidative Stress: A Cross-Sectional Study

Vitamin D, beyond bone metabolism, has played a significant role in various physiological processes, including modulation of oxidative stress and maintenance of vascular architecture. Oxidative stress, a state of altered balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases. Our study aims to explore the intricate relationship between serum vitamin D levels and markers of oxidative stress in normotensive and hypertensive individuals.

A total of 108 age-matched participants (35 to 50 years) of both genders (54 males and 54 females) were included in this cross-sectional study according to the study design and assessed for their serum vitamin D level by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level by using a spectrophotometer at 540 nm after measurement of the blood pressure. The data were entered in a Microsoft Excel sheet and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software version 20.

Our findings demonstrate a significant inverse correlation between serum vitamin D levels and MDA (r = -0.71, p < 0.001), indicating lower lipid peroxidation with higher vitamin D levels. Our study concludes by evident higher serum vitamin D levels associated with reduced oxidative stress, reflected by lower MDA.

These findings suggest a potential protective role of vitamin D against oxidative damage, which could have implications for the prevention of oxidative stress-related diseases.