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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2025

In situ Compressive Loading and Correlative Noninvasive Imaging of the Bone-periodontal Ligament-tooth Fibrous Joint
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Bicortical Compression and Construct Stability With Variable Pitch Locking Screws in Cadaveric Specimens.

Zachary A Koroneos1,2, Shelby Alwine1, Peter Tortora3

  • 1Department for Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA.

Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
|September 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Variable pitch locking screws provide greater compression than standard screws in bicortical fixation. However, construct stability under load was similar between variable pitch and standard locking screws in fibula fractures.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Trauma surgery

Background:

  • Variable pitch locking screws are designed to enhance compression and stability in orthopedic fixation.
  • Standard locking screws are widely used but may offer less compression.
  • Bicortical fixation is a common technique for stabilizing bone fractures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the interfragmentary and plate-bone compression achieved by variable pitch locking screws versus standard locking screws.
  • To evaluate the biomechanical stability of constructs using variable pitch versus standard locking screws in bicortical fixation scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Nine matched pairs of cadaveric distal tibiae and fibulae were used.
  • Compression was measured with variable pitch and standard locking screws at increasing torque in distal tibiae.
  • Fibula constructs with either variable pitch or standard locking screws underwent cyclic axial/torsional loading and 4-point bending tests.

Main Results:

  • Variable pitch locking screws generated significantly higher interfragmentary and plate-bone compression in distal tibiae compared to standard screws.
  • No significant differences in axial or angular displacement were observed in cyclic loading of fibula constructs.
  • Construct stiffness and maximum force to failure were comparable between variable pitch and standard locking screw constructs in 4-point bending.

Conclusions:

  • Variable pitch locking screws enhance compression in bicortical fixation compared to standard locking screws.
  • The biomechanical stability of variable pitch locking screw constructs is similar to standard locking screw constructs in a stable bicortical fibula fixation model under external loading.