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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

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A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
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Updated: Jun 12, 2025

An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis
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Rethinking Immune Check Point Inhibitors Use in Liver Transplantation: Implications and Resistance.

Vivian Ortiz1, Emilien Loeuillard2

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.

Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology
|September 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) offer cancer treatment advancements but pose challenges during liver transplantation. This review explores their complex role, focusing on tumor resistance and graft survival in liver cancer patients.

Keywords:
CholangiocarcinomaHepatocellular CarcinomaImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmunotherapyLiver TransplantationResistanceTolerance

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Transplantation Medicine

Background:

  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed cancer therapy, including for liver cancers like hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma.
  • However, their application around liver transplantation is debated due to potential impacts on immune tolerance and graft survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current use of ICIs in the context of liver transplantation.
  • To analyze the effects of ICIs on immune tolerance and resistance in liver tumor patients undergoing transplantation.
  • To explore novel therapeutic strategies for combination or sequential treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on immune checkpoint inhibitors in liver cancer and transplantation.
  • Analysis of mechanisms of tumor immune evasion and ICI resistance.
  • Examination of ICI effects on T cell populations and graft immunology.

Main Results:

  • Tumor recurrence is frequent due to immune evasion mechanisms that promote ICI resistance.
  • ICIs can negatively impact graft tolerance and survival by affecting memory T cells and inducing inflammation.
  • The interplay between ICIs and immunosuppression is critical for managing tumor burden.

Conclusions:

  • ICI use in the peri-transplantation period for liver tumors requires careful consideration due to risks of graft rejection and tumor resistance.
  • Multimodal therapeutic approaches, potentially combining ICIs with other treatments, may be necessary.
  • Further research into optimizing ICI therapy in liver transplant recipients is warranted.