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CGull: A Non-Flapping Bioinspired Composite Morphing Drone.

Peter L Bishay1, Alex Rini1, Moises Brambila1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, California State University, Northridge, CA 91330, USA.

Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inspired by seagulls, the CGull unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) uses wing and tail morphing for efficient flight control. This bio-inspired design mimics bird flight, enhancing maneuverability without traditional thrust vector control (TVC).

Keywords:
biomimetic designscomposite materialsmorphing dronessweep-morphing

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Area of Science:

  • Aerospace Engineering
  • Biomimetics
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Modern aircraft, despite advancements, do not fully utilize bird flight characteristics for efficiency and maneuverability.
  • Birds exhibit remarkable flight control in gusty conditions and rapid momentum changes without advanced thrust vector control (TVC) systems.
  • Expert gliding birds like vultures and seagulls can cover vast distances with minimal flapping.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and develop a non-flapping unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) inspired by the Great Black-Backed Gull (GBBG).
  • To incorporate wing and tail morphing capabilities for enhanced flight control and maneuverability.
  • To investigate the effectiveness of bio-inspired morphing mechanisms in UAV design.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the 'CGull' UAV with coupled two degree-of-freedom (DOF) morphing mechanisms for wings and tail.
  • Wing morphing sweeps the middle wing forward and outer wing backward, mimicking GBBG wing deformation.
  • A computational model in MachUpX analyzed the effects of morphing on aerodynamic forces and moments; the structure uses carbon-fiber composite shells.

Main Results:

  • The computational model demonstrated the impact of wing and tail morphing on aerodynamic performance.
  • The structure, inspired by bird bone and feather construction, utilizes carbon-fiber composite shells.
  • Flight tests of the proof-of-concept physical model validated the effectiveness of the morphing mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • The CGull UAV's morphing mechanisms successfully replicate bird flight characteristics for control.
  • Bio-inspired morphing offers a novel approach to enhance UAV maneuverability and efficiency.
  • The study proves the viability of non-flapping, morphing wing designs for future aircraft.