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Tailoring Plasmonic Nanoheaters Size for Enhanced Theranostic Agent Performance.

Túlio de L Pedrosa1, Gabrielli M F de Oliveira1, Arthur C M V Pereira2

  • 1Laboratory of Biomedical Optics and Imaging, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife 50740-540, Brazil.

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|September 27, 2024
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Summary

Optimized plasmonic nanoheaters, like gold nanorods, show superior performance for theranostic applications. Using the Joule number (Jo) helps select effective nanoheaters for improved diagnostics and therapies.

Keywords:
S180 cellsgold nanoparticlesphotoacoustic imagingphotothermal therapysize optimization

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Area of Science:

  • Nanomedicine
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Theranostic agents integrate diagnostic and therapeutic functions.
  • Optimized plasmonic nanoheaters are crucial for effective nanomedicine.
  • Selecting high-performance nanoheaters requires a suitable figure of merit.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a framework for optimizing metallic nanoparticles for heat generation.
  • To identify high-performance plasmonic theranostic agents using the Joule number (Jo).
  • To evaluate the size dependence of optical heating in plasmonic nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Joule number (Jo) as a figure of merit for nanoheater performance.
  • Investigated size-dependent optical heating of gold nanospheres (AuNSs) and gold nanorods (AuNRs).
  • Evaluated photothermal performance using photoacoustic imaging and photothermal therapy in S180-bearing mice.

Main Results:

  • Identified 50 nm AuNSs and 41×10 nm AuNRs as effective nanoheaters.
  • AuNRs demonstrated higher Jo values than AuNSs, indicating superior heat generation efficiency.
  • Optimized nanoparticles (41×10 nm AuNRs) showed enhanced temperature rise in photothermal therapy compared to larger nanoparticles (90×25 nm AuNRs).

Conclusions:

  • The Joule number (Jo) is a reliable metric for selecting optimal plasmonic nanoheaters.
  • Optimized nanoparticle size and shape significantly enhance photothermal conversion efficiency.
  • Development of economical theranostic agents is facilitated by optimizing nanoheaters for reduced concentration or light fluence.