Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

2.2K
Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
2.2K
Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

3.4K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.4K
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

2.8K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
2.8K
Analyte Adsorption and Distribution01:09

Analyte Adsorption and Distribution

615
In certain chromatographic separations, solutes transfer between the mobile phase and the stationary phase via sorption, which typically refers to the process of adsorption. For many chromatographic systems, the sorption process often depends on the polarity of the compounds—an expression of the overall dipole moment within the molecule. During the separation process, there is competition between the solute and solvent for adsorption to the stationary phase. Highly polar compounds and...
615
Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

563
Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
563
Chromatography: Introduction01:10

Chromatography: Introduction

3.9K
Chromatography is a technique used to separate compounds based on differences of partitioning between two phases, the stationary phase and the mobile phase.
The phase in which the compounds linger or on which the compounds adsorb is called the stationary phase, whereas the mobile phase is the solvent that carries the solutes to be analyzed. In traditional column chromatography, the mixture flows through the stationary phase, and the compounds partition between the stationary and mobile phases...
3.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

PCSK9 inhibition and cardiovascular outcomes by heart failure status: a pooled analysis of SPIRE-1 and SPIRE-2.

European journal of heart failure·2026
Same author

In Case You Missed It! European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure Association Congress 2026.

Journal of cardiac failure·2026
Same author

Mechanosensing by T cells promotes a tissue-resident memory transcriptional program.

Nature immunology·2026
Same author

Advancements in wearable technology for heart failure patients.

Current opinion in cardiology·2026
Same author

Cystatin-C Versus Creatinine and Kidney Function in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A SOGALDI-PEF Analysis.

The American journal of cardiology·2026
Same author

Correction: Description of new species of <i>Mycobacterium terrae</i> complex isolated from sewage at the São Paulo zoological park foundation in Brazil.

Frontiers in microbiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

7.8K

Migration and Separation of Polymers in Nonuniform Active Baths.

Pietro Luigi Muzzeddu1, Andrea Gambassi1,2, Jens-Uwe Sommer3,4

  • 1<a href="https://ror.org/004fze387">SISSA</a> - International School for Advanced Studies, via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy.

Physical Review Letters
|September 27, 2024
PubMed
Summary

We show that active baths can control polymerlike structures. Nonuniform active baths can efficiently separate polymers by length or connectivity.

More Related Videos

Methods for the Self-integration of Megamolecular Biopolymers on the Drying Air-LC Interface
07:06

Methods for the Self-integration of Megamolecular Biopolymers on the Drying Air-LC Interface

Published on: April 7, 2017

6.0K
Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by &#960;-&#960; Stacking Interactions
10:53

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions

Published on: October 10, 2016

14.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

7.8K
Methods for the Self-integration of Megamolecular Biopolymers on the Drying Air-LC Interface
07:06

Methods for the Self-integration of Megamolecular Biopolymers on the Drying Air-LC Interface

Published on: April 7, 2017

6.0K
Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by &#960;-&#960; Stacking Interactions
10:53

Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions

Published on: October 10, 2016

14.0K

Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Polymer Science
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Polymerlike structures are common in nature and materials.
  • Crowded environments and active agents cause complex fluctuations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate an ideal Rouse chain in a nonhomogeneous active bath.
  • Understand how active baths influence polymer configuration and migration.

Main Methods:

  • Coarse-graining procedure to derive effective evolution equations.
  • Analysis of polymer center-of-mass dynamics.

Main Results:

  • The polymer chain migrates and localizes based on bath activity gradients.
  • Nonuniform activity leads to preferential localization in high or low activity regions.

Conclusions:

  • Active baths offer a novel mechanism for controlling polymer behavior.
  • Nonhomogeneous active baths can efficiently separate polymers of varying lengths and connectivity.