Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

335
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
335
Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

86
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
86
Arithmetic Mean01:08

Arithmetic Mean

13.4K
The arithmetic mean is the most commonly used measure of the central tendency of a data set. It is defined as the sum of all the elements constituting the data set, divided by the total number of elements. It is sometimes loosely referred to as the “average.”
When all the values in a data set are not unique, the sum in the numerator can be calculated by multiplying each distinct value by its frequency.
Sometimes, the arithmetic mean of a sample can be affected by a few data points...
13.4K
Correlations02:20

Correlations

32.7K
Correlation means that there is a relationship between two or more variables (such as ice cream consumption and crime), but this relationship does not necessarily imply cause and effect. When two variables are correlated, it simply means that as one variable changes, so does the other. We can measure correlation by calculating a statistic known as a correlation coefficient. A correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to +1 that indicates the strength and direction of the relationship between...
32.7K
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

31
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
31
Harmonic Mean01:09

Harmonic Mean

3.1K
The arithmetic mean is usually skewed towards the larger values in the data set. Therefore, to avoid this inherent bias towards smaller values, the harmonic mean is used.
Take the example of the speed of a car, which is the measure of the rate of distance traveled. If the vehicle traverses the same distance back-and-forth, its average speed equals the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken. However, if the car moves with varying speeds, then the arithmetic mean is more skewed...
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cognitive-Linguistic Profiles Underlying Reading Difficulties Within the Unique Characteristics of Hebrew Language and Writing System.

Dyslexia (Chichester, England)·2025
Same author

The Role of Working Memory in Early Literacy and Numeracy Skills in Kindergarten and First Grade.

Children (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

The Relationship Between Reading Fluency and Arithmetic Fact Fluency and Their Shared Cognitive Skills: A Developmental Perspective.

Frontiers in psychology·2019
See all related articles
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Universal Screening for Prevention of Reading, Writing, and Math Disabilities in Spanish
14:43

Universal Screening for Prevention of Reading, Writing, and Math Disabilities in Spanish

Published on: July 18, 2020

8.0K

Bridging the Connection between Fluency in Reading and Arithmetic.

Reut Balhinez1, Shelley Shaul1

  • 1Edmond J. Safra Brain Research Center for the Study of Learning Disabilities, Department of Learning Disabilities, Faculty of Education, University of Haifa, Haifa 3498838, Israel.

Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Early executive functions (EFs) significantly boost reading and arithmetic fluency. Kindergarten EFs predict later academic skills and bridge the gap between reading and math fluency development.

Keywords:
arithmetic fluencyexecutive functionsreading fluency

More Related Videos

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA
10:58

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA

Published on: August 28, 2021

4.4K
Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding
06:33

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding

Published on: October 11, 2018

6.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Universal Screening for Prevention of Reading, Writing, and Math Disabilities in Spanish
14:43

Universal Screening for Prevention of Reading, Writing, and Math Disabilities in Spanish

Published on: July 18, 2020

8.0K
Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA
10:58

Multimedia Battery for Assessment of Cognitive and Basic Skills in Mathematics BM-PROMA

Published on: August 28, 2021

4.4K
Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding
06:33

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding

Published on: October 11, 2018

6.8K

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Reading and arithmetic fluency are crucial academic skills.
  • Executive functions (EFs) are vital cognitive processes supporting learning.
  • The interplay between EFs and academic fluency, particularly across domains, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the role of early executive functions (EFs) in the association between reading and arithmetic fluency.
  • To investigate the developmental trajectory of reading and arithmetic fluency from Grade 1 to Grade 3.
  • To determine if EFs mediate or moderate the relationship between reading and arithmetic fluency.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 1185 kindergarten children.
  • Assessment of executive functions skills in kindergarten.
  • Measurement of reading and arithmetic fluency in Grade 1 and Grade 3.

Main Results:

  • A unidirectional influence of Grade 1 reading fluency on Grade 3 arithmetic fluency was observed.
  • Kindergarten EFs significantly predicted arithmetic fluency in both Grade 1 and Grade 3.
  • Early EFs were significant predictors of Grade 1 reading fluency and mediated the association between reading and arithmetic fluency.

Conclusions:

  • Early executive functions are critical for the development of both reading and arithmetic fluency.
  • EFs play a key role in the relationship between reading and arithmetic skills, extending beyond individual academic domains.
  • Interventions targeting early EFs may enhance both reading and arithmetic development.