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Pathogenesis of Inflammation in Skin Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms to Pathology
Simona N Shirley1, Abigail E Watson2, Nabiha Yusuf1,3
1Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
Abstract:
Many skin diseases begin with inflammatory changes on a molecular level. To develop a more thorough understanding of skin pathology and to identify new targets for therapeutic advancements, molecular mechanisms of inflammation in the context of skin disease should be studied. Current research efforts to better understand skin disease have focused on examining the role of molecular processes at several stages of the inflammatory response such as the dysregulation of innate immunity sensors, disruption of both transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, and crosstalk between immune and neuronal processes (neuro-immune crosstalk). This review seeks to summarize recent developments in our understanding of inflammatory processes in skin disease and to highlight opportunities for therapeutic advancements. With a focus on publications within the past 5 years (2019-2024), the databases PubMed and EBSCOhost were used to search for peer-reviewed papers regarding inflammatory molecular mechanisms and skin disease. Several themes of research interest regarding inflammatory processes in skin disease were determined through extensive review and were included based on their relative representation in current research and their focus on therapeutic potential. Several skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, hidradenitis suppurativa, and scleroderma were described in the paper to demonstrate the widespread influence of inflammation in skin disease.
Insights
Understanding molecular inflammation in skin diseases like psoriasis is key for new therapies. This review highlights recent research on inflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic targets in skin pathology.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology and Immunology
- Molecular Biology
- Pathophysiology
Background:
- Skin diseases often originate from molecular-level inflammatory changes.
- Understanding these molecular mechanisms is crucial for developing effective therapies.
- Current research investigates innate immunity, gene regulation, and neuro-immune crosstalk in skin inflammation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in understanding molecular inflammatory processes in skin diseases.
- To identify potential therapeutic targets for various skin conditions.
- To synthesize current knowledge on inflammation's role in skin pathology.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of peer-reviewed literature from 2019-2024.
- Searches conducted on PubMed and EBSCOhost databases.
- Focus on inflammatory molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential in skin disease.
Main Results:
- Inflammation is a central mechanism across diverse skin diseases, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, hidradenitis suppurativa, and scleroderma.
- Key research themes include innate immunity dysregulation, transcriptional/post-transcriptional control, and neuro-immune interactions.
- Recent findings offer insights into molecular pathways driving skin inflammation.
Conclusions:
- Molecular inflammatory processes are fundamental to numerous skin diseases.
- Targeting these mechanisms presents significant opportunities for novel therapeutic strategies.
- Continued research into skin inflammation pathways is vital for advancing dermatological treatments.
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