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Baked Egg Oral Immunotherapy: Current State in Pediatric Age

Simone Foti Randazzese1, Lucia Caminiti1, Mariarosaria La Rocca1

  • 1Pediatric Unit, Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98124, Messina, Italy.

Nutrients
|September 28, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Baked egg oral immunotherapy is a promising treatment for children with hen's egg allergy. High temperatures in baking reduce egg protein allergenicity, making it a viable option for desensitization.

Area of Science:

  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Food Science

Background:

  • Hen's egg allergy is a prevalent food allergy in children, often emerging in infancy.
  • While many children outgrow egg allergy, oral immunotherapy (OIT) offers a therapeutic avenue.
  • Baked egg consumption can be tolerated by some children due to heat-induced changes in egg proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the scientific evidence for baked egg oral immunotherapy in children with hen's egg allergy.
  • To examine the literature on how heat processing affects egg allergenicity.
  • To discuss the potential of baked egg OIT as a treatment strategy.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on baked egg oral immunotherapy.
  • Analysis of research on the impact of heat treatment on hen's egg proteins.
  • Examination of clinical data regarding tolerance acquisition.

Main Results:

  • High temperatures alter egg protein epitopes, reducing allergenicity.
  • Baked egg OIT has shown potential in desensitizing allergic children.
  • Tolerance to baked eggs is a key factor in successful OIT.

Conclusions:

  • Baked egg oral immunotherapy is a viable therapeutic option for hen's egg allergy.
  • Heat-induced modifications of egg proteins are crucial for immunotherapy success.
  • Further research supports baked egg OIT for pediatric populations.

Keywords:
baked eggchildrenhen’s egg allergyoral immunotherapyreview

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