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Updated: Jun 11, 2025
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Purification of Viral DNA for the Identification of Associated Viral and Cellular Proteins
Published on: August 31, 2017
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Unveiling the Connection: Viral Infections and Genes in dNTP Metabolism.
Shih-Yen Lo1,2, Meng-Jiun Lai1, Chee-Hing Yang1,3
1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan.
Viruses
|September 28, 2024
Summary
Cellular deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) levels, regulated by enzymes like DHFR and SAMHD1, are essential for DNA replication. This review explores how viruses interact with dNTP metabolism pathways.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Virology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) are fundamental for DNA replication and genome maintenance.
- Cellular dNTP pools are tightly regulated by enzymes including dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), and SAM and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1).
- SAMHD1 acts as a deoxynucleotide triphosphohydrolase, hydrolyzing dNTPs and opposing their synthesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the critical role of dNTP metabolism in cellular processes.
- To summarize the interactions between various viruses and the genes governing dNTP metabolism.
- To highlight the significance of dNTP pool balance in the context of viral infections.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on dNTP metabolism and viral interactions.
- Analysis of the enzymatic pathways involved in dNTP synthesis and degradation.
- Examination of the impact of dNTP levels on viral replication and pathogenesis.
Main Results:
- DHFR is essential for de novo synthesis of purines and deoxythymidine monophosphate for DNA synthesis.
- SAMHD1 counteracts dNTP synthesis by RNR and deoxynucleoside kinases, particularly during the S phase.
- Intracellular dNTP concentrations significantly influence the course of various viral infections.
Conclusions:
- The balance of dNTP pools is a critical factor in cellular health and is exploited by viruses.
- Understanding the interplay between viral strategies and host dNTP metabolism offers potential therapeutic targets.
- Further research into SAMHD1 and DHFR functions in viral infections is warranted.
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