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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

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Prospective Trial of Sacroiliac Joint Fusion Using 3D-Printed Triangular Titanium Implants: Five-Year Follow-Up.

Vikas Patel1, S Craig Meyer2, Don Kovalsky3

  • 1Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO.

Spine
|September 30, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Sacroiliac joint fusion (SIJF) with 3D-printed triangular titanium implants (TTI) demonstrated sustained improvements in pain, function, and quality of life over five years. This minimally invasive procedure showed excellent implant integration and a low adverse event rate.

Keywords:
chronic low back painlong term outcomesphysical functionsacroiliac joint arthrodesissacroiliac joint paintriangular titanium implants

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Spinal fusion techniques
  • Biomaterials and implant technology

Background:

  • Chronic sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction is a significant cause of low back pain.
  • Minimally invasive sacroiliac joint fusion (SIJF) using triangular titanium implants (TTI) is supported by existing literature.
  • Long-term outcomes of novel implant designs require thorough investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the five-year safety, effectiveness, and radiographic outcomes of SIJ fusion utilizing 3D-printed TTI.
  • To compare these long-term results with traditional solid titanium plasma spray-coated implants.
  • To assess the durability of pain relief, functional improvement, and quality of life post-SIJF.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, multicenter, single-arm study followed 51 subjects undergoing SIJF with TTI.
  • Follow-up assessments included validated questionnaires, functional tests, and high-resolution CT scans at multiple intervals up to 60 months.
  • Radiographic analysis was performed by an independent musculoskeletal radiologist to evaluate fusion and implant integrity.

Main Results:

  • Five-year follow-up was achieved in 71% of subjects, demonstrating sustained improvements in SI joint pain, disability (ODI), and quality of life.
  • Opioid use for SIJ pain significantly decreased from 57% at baseline to 17% at five years.
  • Radiographic assessment revealed excellent implant integration, with bone apposition in 100% and bridging in 90% of cases, alongside no device failure or adverse bone reactions.

Conclusions:

  • SIJ fusion with 3D-printed TTI provides immediate, marked, and persistent improvements in pain, quality of life, and physical function.
  • The procedure is associated with reduced opioid dependence and a low rate of revision surgery.
  • Radiographic evidence confirms successful joint fusion and robust implant integration at the five-year mark.