Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

3.6K
At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
3.6K
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

5.8K
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
5.8K
The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

3.1K
The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
3.1K
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

12.5K
The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
12.5K
Cohesins02:20

Cohesins

4.4K
Cohesin protein complexes are a molecular glue that holds two sister chromatids together. They play an important role both in mitosis and meiosis. In mitosis, all cohesin complexes present on the chromosomes are removed before the start of the anaphase stage.
Cohesin complexes in Meiotic Division
Meiosis involves two distinct rounds of chromosomal segregation and cell divisions— Meiosis I followed by Meiosis II – producing four daughter cells. Meiosis I includes the separation of...
4.4K
Nondisjunction01:29

Nondisjunction

75.2K
During meiosis, chromosomes occasionally separate improperly. This occurs due to failure of homologous chromosome separation during meiosis I or failed sister chromatid separation during meiosis II. In some species, notably plants, nondisjunction can result in an organism with an entire additional set of chromosomes, which is called polyploidy. In humans, nondisjunction can occur during male or female gametogenesis and the resulting gametes possess one too many or one too few chromosomes.
75.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Targeting the cell membrane in established and emerging model organisms.

Development (Cambridge, England)·2026
Same author

Targeting the cell membrane in established and emerging model organisms.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Transcriptomic analysis of meiotic genes during the mitosis-to-meiosis transition in Drosophila females.

Genetics·2024
Same author

Lethal Giant Disc is a target of Cdk1 and regulates ESCRT-III localization during germline stem cell abscission.

Development (Cambridge, England)·2024
Same author

Cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic roles of the ESCRT-III subunit Shrub in abscission of Drosophila sensory organ precursors.

Development (Cambridge, England)·2023
Same author

Conserved meiotic mechanisms in the cnidarian <i>Clytia hemisphaerica</i> revealed by <i>Spo11</i> knockout.

Science advances·2023
Same journal

[Managing mixed forest stands : bridging the gap between silviculture and ecological theory].

Comptes rendus biologies·2026
Same journal

[Which forests for which biodiversity under climate change?]

Comptes rendus biologies·2026
Same journal

[Impacts of climate change on the functioning and productivity of agroecosystems: a focus on the impact of interactions between CO<sub>2</sub>, temperature and water deficit].

Comptes rendus biologies·2026
Same journal

Autogenic transitions in individuality.

Comptes rendus biologies·2026
Same journal

Assessing the potential effects of climate change on future forest composition in France.

Comptes rendus biologies·2026
Same journal

Adhesion-mediated force transmission regulates cell competition in epithelia.

Comptes rendus biologies·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans
07:54

Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans

Published on: March 15, 2018

11.0K

Incomplete divisions between sister germline cells require Usp8 function.

Juliette Mathieu, Jean-René Huynh

    Comptes Rendus Biologies
    |September 30, 2024
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cytokinetic abscission, the final step in cell division, is incomplete in germline cells. This study identifies Usp8 as key to blocking abscission, crucial for gamete development and potentially the evolution of multicellularity.

    Keywords:
    CHMP4CytokinesisDeubiquitinating enzymeShrub

    More Related Videos

    Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
    07:55

    Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

    Published on: June 26, 2020

    10.1K
    Assessment of Global DNA Double-Strand End Resection using BrdU-DNA Labeling coupled with Cell Cycle Discrimination Imaging
    06:44

    Assessment of Global DNA Double-Strand End Resection using BrdU-DNA Labeling coupled with Cell Cycle Discrimination Imaging

    Published on: April 28, 2021

    3.9K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 11, 2025

    Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans
    07:54

    Manipulation of Ploidy in Caenorhabditis elegans

    Published on: March 15, 2018

    11.0K
    Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence
    07:55

    Visualization of DNA Repair Proteins Interaction by Immunofluorescence

    Published on: June 26, 2020

    10.1K
    Assessment of Global DNA Double-Strand End Resection using BrdU-DNA Labeling coupled with Cell Cycle Discrimination Imaging
    06:44

    Assessment of Global DNA Double-Strand End Resection using BrdU-DNA Labeling coupled with Cell Cycle Discrimination Imaging

    Published on: April 28, 2021

    3.9K

    Area of Science:

    • Cell Biology
    • Developmental Biology
    • Evolutionary Biology

    Background:

    • Cytokinetic abscission typically completes cell division, but germline cells delay this process.
    • This incomplete cytokinesis maintains cytoplasmic connections between sister cells, vital for gamete differentiation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To outline molecular events of complete and delayed cytokinesis, focusing on ESCRT-III proteins.
    • To reveal molecular mechanisms blocking abscission in Drosophila germline cells.
    • To explore the evolutionary significance of incomplete cytokinesis.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of molecular events in cytokinesis.
    • Focus on recent discoveries in Drosophila germline cells.
    • Analysis of ESCRT-III protein function and regulation.

    Main Results:

    • ESCRT-III proteins play a crucial role in both complete and delayed abscission.
    • The enzyme Usp8 is vital for incomplete cytokinesis in Drosophila germline cells.
    • Usp8 regulates ESCRT-III ubiquitination and localization to block abscission.

    Conclusions:

    • Incomplete cytokinesis in germline cells is regulated by Usp8.
    • Understanding this process may shed light on the origins of multicellularity.
    • Further studies in choanoflagellates could elucidate the evolutionary importance of delayed abscission.