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School Suspension and Expulsion: Policy Statement.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exclusionary school discipline, like suspension and expulsion, is disproportionately used for minor infractions and harms student development. Evidence suggests these practices do not improve school safety and negatively impact health outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Education Policy
  • Child Development
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Exclusionary school discipline (suspension, expulsion) is a severe consequence for student behavior.
  • Historically used for serious offenses, it's now common for non-violent, non-criminal actions.
  • Little evidence supports its effectiveness in enhancing school safety or deterring misbehavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the current use and impact of exclusionary school discipline.
  • To highlight disparities in its application.
  • To propose multidisciplinary and trauma-informed strategies for reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on exclusionary school discipline.
  • Analysis of disproportionate impact on specific student populations.
  • Description of a multidisciplinary, trauma-informed approach.

Main Results:

  • Exclusionary discipline is frequently used for minor behaviors, not just serious offenses.
  • Certain groups (American Indian/Alaska Native, Black students, low SES, LGBTQ+, students with disabilities) are disproportionately affected.
  • Preschool exclusionary discipline can harm early development and increase risks for dropping out and juvenile justice involvement.

Conclusions:

  • Reducing exclusionary school discipline is crucial for equitable education and improved child health.
  • A multidisciplinary, trauma-informed approach involving healthcare providers and educators is recommended.
  • System-level and practice-level interventions are needed to implement change.