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Anaphylactic reaction to tranexamic acid infusion in a six-year-old child: a case report

Nazanin Zibanejad1,2, Nikta Nouri3, Sharareh Babaie4,5

  • 1Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 81746-73461, Iran.

International Journal of Emergency Medicine
|September 30, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction, can occur in children after receiving tranexamic acid (TXA), a common medication used to control bleeding. Prompt recognition and treatment are crucial for a positive outcome.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Pediatric Allergy
  • Pharmacovigilance

Background:

  • Tranexamic acid (TXA) is widely used for bleeding control in pediatric and adult surgical patients.
  • Anaphylaxis to TXA is increasingly reported in adults, but less documented in children.
  • This case highlights a rare adverse event in pediatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of anaphylaxis in a child following tranexamic acid administration.
  • To emphasize the need for vigilance regarding TXA-induced anaphylaxis in pediatric populations.
  • To underscore the importance of prompt diagnosis and management of allergic reactions.

Main Methods:

  • A 6-year-old female developed anaphylaxis post-intravenous TXA for cleft lip and palate repair.
  • Clinical manifestations included cardiovascular, respiratory, and dermatologic symptoms.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed via a positive intradermal skin test.

Main Results:

  • The patient's symptoms resolved after treatment with epinephrine, corticosteroids, and antihistamines.
  • Intradermal testing confirmed tranexamic acid as the cause of anaphylaxis.
  • This case adds to the limited pediatric reports of TXA-induced anaphylaxis.

Conclusions:

  • Anaphylaxis is a potential adverse reaction to tranexamic acid in pediatric patients.
  • Early identification and appropriate management are critical for successful treatment.
  • Clinicians should consider TXA-induced anaphylaxis in pediatric patients presenting with allergic symptoms post-administration.
Abstract

Keywords:
AllergyAnaphylaxisCase reportCritical carePediatricsTranexamic acid

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