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Risk factors associated with clinically relevant pericardial effusion after primary cardiac implantable electronic

Yangzhi Zhou1, Saranda Haxha1,2, Andrim Halili1,2

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology
|October 1, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Clinically relevant pericardial effusion after cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation is rare but associated with specific patient and procedure factors. Identifying these risks can improve patient safety during CIED procedures.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Devices
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Pericardial effusion is a known complication of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation, potentially leading to cardiac tamponade.
  • Limited data exists on risk factors for clinically relevant procedural pericardial effusion following CIED procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify patient- and procedure-related risk factors associated with clinically relevant procedural pericardial effusion after CIED implantation.

Main Methods:

  • Nationwide observational cohort study using data from the Danish Pacemaker Register (2000-2018) on 55,121 patients.
  • Clinically relevant procedural pericardial effusion defined as occurring within 90 days of primary CIED procedure.
  • Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess risk factors.

Main Results:

  • 115 patients (0.21%) were diagnosed with clinically relevant procedural pericardial effusion, requiring pericardiocentesis in 80.9%.
  • Risk factors included female sex, heart failure, prior cardiac surgery, CRT-device implantation, tertiary care centers, high procedural volume, atrioventricular block indication, and number of leads implanted.
  • Increased odds ratios were observed for female sex (1.49), heart failure (1.54), previous cardiac surgery (1.63), CRT-device (2.05), tertiary centers (1.8), high procedural volume (1.85), AV block (2.37), two leads (2.39), and three leads (4.77).

Conclusions:

  • Clinically relevant procedural pericardial effusion is a rare complication post-CIED implantation in Denmark.
  • This study identified significant patient and procedural risk factors, aiding in risk stratification and prevention strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
cardiac implantable electronic devicecardiac tamponadeclinically relevant pericardial effusionpericardiocentesispostprocedural complication

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