Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Radial System Protection01:23

Radial System Protection

92
Radial systems employ time-delay overcurrent relays to reduce load interruptions. When a fault occurs, the nearest breaker opens first, while upstream breakers remain closed due to longer delay settings. This approach ensures minimal disruption to the rest of the system.
In a radial system with a fault downstream of the third breaker, ideally, only the third breaker will open, isolating the fault and interrupting the load connected beyond it. The second breaker has a longer delay setting,...
92
Energy Stored In A Coaxial Cable01:31

Energy Stored In A Coaxial Cable

1.4K
A coaxial cable consists of a central copper conductor used for transmitting signals, followed by an insulator shield, a metallic braided mesh that prevents signal interference, and a plastic layer that encases the entire assembly.
In the simplest form, a coaxial cable can be represented by two long hollow concentric cylinders in which the current flows in opposite directions. The magnetic field inside and outside the coaxial cable is determined by using Ampère's law. The magnetic...
1.4K
Transmission Line Design Considerations01:23

Transmission Line Design Considerations

129
Aluminum has become the material of choice for overhead transmission lines, surpassing copper due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. The most prevalent type is the aluminum conductor, steel-reinforced (ACSR), which combines aluminum strands around a steel core. Other variants include all-aluminum conductors (AAC), all-aluminum alloy conductors (AAAC), aluminum conductor alloy-reinforced (ACAR), and aluminum-clad steel conductors. Advanced designs, such as aluminum conductors with steel...
129
Line Protection with Impedance Relays01:27

Line Protection with Impedance Relays

69
Coordinating time-delay overcurrent relays in complex radial systems and directional overcurrent relays in multi-source transmission loops can be challenging. Impedance relays address these issues by responding to the voltage-to-current ratio, specifically measuring the apparent impedance of a line. These relays become more sensitive during faults as current increases and voltage decreases, thereby reducing the apparent impedance.
Under normal conditions, low load currents keep the measured...
69
Power System Distribution01:25

Power System Distribution

227
Power system distribution involves delivering electrical energy from power plants to consumers through a network of transmission and distribution systems. The process begins at power plants, where energy from coal, gas, nuclear, water, and wind is converted into electrical energy. These plants use three-phase generators, typically rated between 50 to 1300 MVA, with terminal voltages ranging from a few kV to 20 kV, depending on the size and age of the units.
The transmission system is designed...
227
Cable Subjected to a Distributed Load01:24

Cable Subjected to a Distributed Load

651
The analysis of suspension bridges is a complex and critical process that involves multiple factors, including the shape and tension of the main cables. The main cables of suspension bridges are subjected to distributed loads, which result in changes in tensile forces and deformation of the cable. These loads must be carefully considered to ensure that the bridge is safe and capable of supporting the weight of different loads.
651

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Data-Driven Techniques for Estimating Energy Expenditure in Wheelchair Users.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society·2025
Same author

Solid-State Diffusion Bonding of Aluminum to Copper for Bimetallic Anode Fabrication.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Emotion Recognition from Physiological Signals Collected with a Wrist Device and Emotional Recall.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Editorial: Multi-robot systems for space applications.

Frontiers in robotics and AI·2023
Same author

Improved Jacobian matrix estimation applied to snake robots.

Frontiers in robotics and AI·2023
Same author

Editorial on the special issue on brain physiology meets complex systems.

The European physical journal. Special topics·2023
Same journal

The pursuit of equity in COVID-19 policy and policymaking: A qualitative systematic review.

Open research Europe·2026
Same journal

ERGA-BGE reference genome of the Eurasian Woodcock ( <i>Scolopax rusticola</i>), a game bird species with isolated populations of conservation interest.

Open research Europe·2026
Same journal

EUPopLink Country report - Iceland.

Open research Europe·2026
Same journal

EUPopLink Country report - Montenegro.

Open research Europe·2026
Same journal

Humanitarian data infrastructures for missing migrants: A multimodal and ethics-integrated framework.

Open research Europe·2026
Same journal

From Simulation to Healthcare: KINAITICS' AI Framework for Cyber-Physical Security.

Open research Europe·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Design, Instrumentation and Usage Protocols for Distributed In Situ Thermal Hot Spots Monitoring in Electric Coils using FBG Sensor Multiplexing
10:52

Design, Instrumentation and Usage Protocols for Distributed In Situ Thermal Hot Spots Monitoring in Electric Coils using FBG Sensor Multiplexing

Published on: March 8, 2020

5.8K

Inter-array cabling optimization in offshore wind power plants, a new reliability indicator for radial grids.

Ramon Abritta1, Alexey Pavlov1, Damiano Varagnolo2

  • 1Department of Geosciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Trøndelag, 7031, Norway.

Open Research Europe
|October 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Optimizing offshore wind power plant (OWPP) cabling balances cost and reliability. Minimum cost cable grids do not always yield the lowest energy costs.

Keywords:
cabling optimizationoffshore wind power plantsradial gridsreliabilityrenewable energy

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Introduction to Active Probe Atomic Force Microscopy with Quattro-Parallel Cantilever Arrays
05:04

Author Spotlight: Introduction to Active Probe Atomic Force Microscopy with Quattro-Parallel Cantilever Arrays

Published on: June 13, 2023

1.4K
Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment
04:35

Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment

Published on: July 5, 2024

1.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Design, Instrumentation and Usage Protocols for Distributed In Situ Thermal Hot Spots Monitoring in Electric Coils using FBG Sensor Multiplexing
10:52

Design, Instrumentation and Usage Protocols for Distributed In Situ Thermal Hot Spots Monitoring in Electric Coils using FBG Sensor Multiplexing

Published on: March 8, 2020

5.8K
Author Spotlight: Introduction to Active Probe Atomic Force Microscopy with Quattro-Parallel Cantilever Arrays
05:04

Author Spotlight: Introduction to Active Probe Atomic Force Microscopy with Quattro-Parallel Cantilever Arrays

Published on: June 13, 2023

1.4K
Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment
04:35

Author Spotlight: Simulation and Analysis of the Temperature Rise of Ring Main Unit Equipment

Published on: July 5, 2024

1.8K

Area of Science:

  • Engineering
  • Renewable Energy Systems
  • Operations Research

Background:

  • The inter-array grid represents a substantial investment in offshore wind power plants (OWPPs).
  • Optimizing cable connections for cost and reliability is complex due to numerous failure scenarios.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel approach for optimizing offshore wind power plant (OWPP) inter-array grid investments.
  • To balance cabling costs against power capacity risk (PCR) using a mixed integer linear programming model.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) approach was developed to optimize cable grid design.
  • Power Capacity Risk (PCR) was defined and calculated as a key metric for cable failure consequences.
  • Quasi-random Monte Carlo simulations were employed to assess the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of optimized grids.

Main Results:

  • A strong correlation (Pearson coefficient ≈ 0.99) was found between the proposed PCR and expected energy not supplied.
  • Case studies on real OWPPs (Ormonde, Horns Rev 1, Thanet, London Array) demonstrated the model's applicability.
  • Minimum-cost collection grids (CGs) were found not to consistently yield the lowest LCOE.

Conclusions:

  • The developed MILP approach effectively supports investment decisions in OWPPs by integrating cost and reliability.
  • The Power Capacity Risk (PCR) metric accurately reflects the impact of cable failures on energy supply.
  • Lowest cost cable configurations do not guarantee the most economical offshore wind power plant operation.