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Solution-focused approaches for treating self-injurious thoughts and behaviours: a scoping review
Lauren Jerome1, Saba Masood2, John Henden3
1Youth Resilience Unit, Centre for Psychiatry and Mental Health, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. lauren.jerome@qmul.ac.uk.
BMC Psychiatry
|October 1, 2024
Summary
Solution-focused approaches are used for self-injurious thoughts and behaviors, but evidence is limited. This review synthesizes current applications and highlights the need for more formal outcome studies on these therapeutic interventions.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry and Mental Health
- Psychotherapy Research
- Public Health
Background:
- Self-injurious thoughts and behaviors are significant public health issues and strong predictors of suicide.
- Solution-focused approaches are utilized in treating these behaviors, yet published evidence remains scarce.
- A comprehensive overview of these applications is needed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review on the application of solution-focused approaches for self-injurious thoughts and behaviors.
- To provide a comprehensive overview of how these therapeutic approaches are implemented.
- To identify gaps in the existing literature regarding outcome data.
Main Methods:
- A scoping review methodology was employed.
- Five databases were searched from inception to August 2024 for relevant publications.
- Data were analyzed using narrative synthesis to summarize participants, concepts, context, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- Twenty-four publications were included, with a global reach but a majority from the UK and USA.
- Only five publications formally assessed outcomes, utilizing diverse measures like the Beck Depression Inventory.
- Qualitative data indicated positive patient and clinician perceptions, with 51 unique solution-focused components identified, often adapted for self-harm and suicidal ideation.
Conclusions:
- Solution-focused approaches are applied in treating self-injurious thoughts and behaviors.
- The review offers a comprehensive overview of delivery methods for these interventions.
- A significant lack of outcome data and empirical studies necessitates further research and formal evidence generation.
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