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Related Concept Videos

Bending of Material: Problem Solving01:09

Bending of Material: Problem Solving

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In this lesson, determine the ratio of the maximum bending moments applied to two metal pipes, given that both pipes can withstand a maximum stress of 100 MPa. Both pipes have an outer radius of 1.8 cm. Pipe A has an inner radius of 1.5 cm, and Pipe B has an inner radius of 1 cm. The ratio of the maximum bending moment applied to two metallic pipes, each with a different inner and outer radius, is determined by considering their dimensions. The inner radius of the first pipe is 1.5 cm, and for...
173
Multiple Pipe Systems01:21

Multiple Pipe Systems

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Multipipe systems consist of complex configurations of interconnected pipes designed to transport fluids efficiently across intricate networks. They are essential in engineering applications requiring precise control over flow distribution, pressure, and head loss. They are categorized into series, parallel, loop, and network configurations, each distinguished by unique flow characteristics and applications.
Series Configuration
In a series configuration, fluid flows sequentially from one pipe...
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Stresses under Combined Loadings01:23

Stresses under Combined Loadings

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When analyzing a bent tube with a circular cross-section subjected to multiple forces, it is crucial to determine the stress distribution in order to maintain structural integrity under varied load conditions.
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Stress Concentrations in Circular Shafts01:18

Stress Concentrations in Circular Shafts

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Consider the elastic torsion formula, which applies to a circular shaft with a consistent cross-section. This formula assumes that the shaft's ends are loaded with rigid plates firmly attached. However, in many cases, torques are applied to the shaft through mechanisms like flange couplings or gears, which are connected by keys inserted into keyways. This application method modifies the stress distribution near the point of torque application, causing it to deviate from the distributions...
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Cable Subjected to Its Own Weight01:13

Cable Subjected to Its Own Weight

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Overhead power transmission lines rely on cables to carry electricity across large distances. To ensure the stability and functionality of these lines, it is crucial to understand the shape and tension experienced by the cables under the influence of their weight.
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Single Pipe Systems01:24

Single Pipe Systems

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In pipe flow analysis, problems are typically categorized into three types — Type I, Type II, and Type III — based on the known parameters and the desired outcome. Each type of problem addresses specific engineering requirements using fluid properties, pipe characteristics, and operational conditions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Visualization of Flow Field Around a Vibrating Pipeline Within an Equilibrium Scour Hole
00:09

Visualization of Flow Field Around a Vibrating Pipeline Within an Equilibrium Scour Hole

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Braids and beyond: a comprehensive study on pipeline device braid stability from PREMIER data.

Fernanda Rodriguez-Erazú1,2, Gustavo M Cortez1,3, Demetrius K Lopes4

  • 1Lyerly Neurosurgery, Baptist Medical Center Downtown, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.

Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery
|October 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary

The Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) showed excellent braid stability in early generations, with rare deformations not impacting safety or effectiveness for brain aneurysm treatment. Long-term follow-up confirmed device integrity.

Keywords:
AneurysmAngiographyFlow DiverterStenosis

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Last Updated: Jun 11, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Endovascular neurosurgery
  • Medical device technology
  • Cerebrovascular disease management

Background:

  • Concerns exist regarding braid stability in newer Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) generations utilizing drawn filled tubing technology.
  • The PED is increasingly adopted for treating intracranial aneurysms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the braid stability of early-generation PED devices (Classic and Flex) within the PREMIER clinical trial.
  • To assess the long-term safety and effectiveness of PED in aneurysm treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of intracranial aneurysms treated with PED (Classic and Flex) in the PREMIER trial.
  • Evaluation of braid stability (fish mouthing, foreshortening, braid bump, collapsing) using immediate postprocedure and 1- and 2-year follow-up imaging (cone-beam CT and angiography).
  • Assessment of safety (modified Rankin Scale, vessel stenosis) and effectiveness (Raymond-Roy Scale, re-treatment rates).

Main Results:

  • Complete datasets were available for 133/141 aneurysms; 6% (8/133) exhibited braid deformations.
  • Braid deformations were significantly associated with in-stent stenosis >50% (P=0.029) but did not impact overall safety or effectiveness.
  • Specific deformations included fish mouthing (0.75%), foreshortening (4.5%), and braid bump (0.75%), with one case of fish mouthing causing >50% stenosis.
  • No new braid stability issues were observed at the 2-year follow-up; asymptomatic stenosis due to neointimal hyperplasia occurred in 3.0% without braid changes.

Conclusions:

  • The Pipeline Embolization Device (Classic and Flex) demonstrated excellent braid stability in the PREMIER trial cohort.
  • Observed braid changes were infrequent and did not compromise the safety or efficacy of the device for aneurysm treatment.