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Related Concept Videos

Principles of Drug Action01:24

Principles of Drug Action

Drugs are chemical substances that modify biological responses by interacting with macromolecular targets such as receptors, ion channels, transporters, and enzymes. Pharmacodynamics describes the course of action of drugs leading to the physiological effect at a specific site in the body.
Drugs can be agonists or antagonists. Like the endogenous ligands, agonists always bind and activate the target to produce a cellular response. Agonist binding induces a conformational change which in turn...
Pharmacodynamics: Overview and Principles01:21

Pharmacodynamics: Overview and Principles

Pharmacodynamics is a scientific field that delves into drugs' intricate biochemical, cellular, and physiological effects on the human body. The study of pharmacodynamics helps us understand how drugs interact with the body and elicit various responses.
Most drugs' effects result from their interactions with drug receptors or targets within the body. These interactions trigger specific responses at the cellular or systemic level. Drug receptors can be found on the surfaces of cells or within...
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Overview and Classification01:16

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Overview and Classification

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) is a clinical practice that measures specific drug levels in a patient's blood at designated intervals to ensure the drug concentration stays within a therapeutic range. This monitoring is crucial for optimizing individual dosage regimens, enhancing therapeutic efficacy, and minimizing drug-related toxicity. TDM is vital for drugs with narrow therapeutic windows, significant variability in pharmacokinetics, and a clear correlation between plasma levels and...
Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Problems01:24

Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Relationship: Problems

The empirical approach to drug therapy optimization relies on correlating pharmacological response with administered dosage. Such an approach can be costly, time-consuming, and often yields poor correlation due to variables like formulation factors and drug elimination characteristics. A more precise approach correlates response with plasma drug concentration or the amount of drug in the body, rather than dosage. This is achieved through pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling, which...
Introduction to Language of Pathophysiology ll01:17

Introduction to Language of Pathophysiology ll

This lesson explores key terms that describe how diseases progress, their outcomes, and their distribution in populations.Diagnostic tests identify diseases and monitor treatment. These include blood and urine tests, biopsies, imaging (X-ray, MRI), and detection of infectious agents.Remission is a reduction or disappearance of symptoms.Exacerbation refers to the worsening of symptoms, such as increased wheezing during an asthma attack.A precipitating factor triggers an acute episode, while a...
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Healing I: Introduction

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Updated: Jul 11, 2026

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
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Published on: May 30, 2025

INDIVIDUAL ARTCLE: Pathophysiologic Targets of Acne Treatment.

Emmy M Graber, Natalie Vincent

    Journal of Drugs in Dermatology : JDD
    |October 3, 2024
    PubMed
    Summary

    Acne vulgaris treatment involves understanding its complex causes, including sebum, bacteria, inflammation, and skin cell buildup. This review details current topical therapies and their mechanisms for fighting acne effectively.

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition with complex pathophysiology.
    • Multiple healthcare professionals and aestheticians encounter patients seeking acne treatments.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide an updated review of current topical acne treatments.
    • To explain the mechanisms of action for various anti-acne agents.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of existing and new topical acne therapies.
    • Analysis of the pathophysiological factors contributing to acne.

    Main Results:

    • Topical agents are a primary treatment modality for acne due to safety and efficacy.
    • New topical formulations are continually being developed and approved.

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    Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
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    Therapeutic Massage for Psychological Well-being in Geriatric Oncology
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    Published on: May 22, 2026

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding acne pathophysiology is key to developing effective treatments.
    • This review offers insights into the mechanistic actions of topical acne therapies.