Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Pharmacologic Induction of Epidermal Melanin and Protection Against Sunburn in a Humanized Mouse Model
Published on: September 7, 2013
Butin Protects Keratinocytes From Particulate Matter 2.5 and Ultraviolet B-Mediated Damages
Pincha Devage Sameera Madushan Fernando1,2, Mei Jing Piao1,2, Kyoung Ah Kang1,2
1Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.
Background:
Butin is a naturally occurring compound with a wide range of medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, and antioxidant properties. Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation contribute to skin cell damage via the induction of oxidative stress.
Methods:
This study sought to assess the protective effects of butin against damage triggered by PM2.5 and UVB in human HaCaT keratinocytes. Assessments were performed to evaluate cell viability, apoptosis, and cellular component damage.
Results:
Butin exhibited its protective ability via the inhibition of PM2.5-induced reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, protein carbonylation, and mitochondrial damage. Butin reduced the PM2.5-induced c-Fos and phospho-c-Jun protein levels as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase. Furthermore, butin mitigated PM2.5- and UVB-induced apoptosis.
Conclusion:
Butin had the potential as a pharmaceutical candidate for treating skin damage caused by PM2.5 and UVB exposure.
Related Concept Videos
Mutations
Chromosomal Alterations Are Large-Scale Mutations
While point mutations are changes in a single nucleotide in...
Skin Cancer
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Nucleotide Excision Repair
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

