Netosis and trained immunity in tick-borne diseases: a possible pathogenetic role

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Infectious Diseases
• Tick-Borne Diseases

Background:

• Tick-borne pathogens induce varied immune responses, including allergic reactions like alpha-Gal syndrome.
• Mechanisms of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps release (NETosis) and trained immunity in response to tick-borne microbes are not well understood.
• The role of these innate immune responses in autoimmunity requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the interplay between NETosis and trained immunity in tick-bite-associated infectious diseases.
• To investigate the potential pathogenetic role of these immune responses in autoimmunity.
• To provide new perspectives on the immunopathogenesis of autoimmune conditions linked to tick-borne diseases.

Main Methods:

• Conducted an extensive literature search for relevant articles and reviews.
• Included studies published in English within recent years.
• Scrutinized references of included papers and reviews for comprehensive coverage.

Main Results:

• Highlighted a plausible correlation between innate immune responses (NETosis, trained immunity) and tick-borne diseases.
• Suggested a potential role for these responses in the development of certain autoimmune conditions.
• Emphasized the need to consider tick-borne diseases in the differential diagnosis of autoimmune-like symptoms.

Conclusions:

• NETosis and trained immunity are key innate immune responses to tick-borne pathogens.
• These responses may contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
• Clinicians should consider tick-borne diseases in endemic areas when diagnosing autoimmune-like conditions.