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Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
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Updated: Jun 11, 2025

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks COFs: A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface
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Photocatalysis with Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Yongzhi Chen1, Donglin Jiang1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Faulty of Science, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore.

Accounts of Chemical Research
|October 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Designing advanced photocatalysts requires a systematic approach, not just additive improvements. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) offer a molecularly designed scaffold for enhanced light harvesting, charge separation, and stability in photocatalysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Photocatalysis
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • Photocatalysis is crucial for sustainable fuel and chemical production, but designing efficient, selective, and reusable photocatalysts remains challenging.
  • Existing photocatalysts struggle with complex photochemical reactions, precise control over catalytic sites, and long-term stability and recyclability.
  • Natural photosynthesis provides a model for organized light harvesting and catalytic processes, inspiring the development of artificial systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in molecular design and synthetic control of covalent organic framework (COF) photocatalysts.
  • To highlight COF strategies for improving light harvesting, charge separation, carrier transport, and catalytic site engineering.
  • To discuss the development of stability and recyclability in COF-based photocatalysts for practical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of literature on COF photocatalysts.
  • Analysis of molecular design principles for COF scaffolds.
  • Examination of synthetic control over COF architectures and functionalities.

Main Results:

  • COFs provide a molecularly predesignable and synthetically controllable platform for photocatalyst construction.
  • Significant progress has been made in tailoring COFs for efficient light harvesting, charge separation, and mass transport.
  • Strategies for controlling energy levels, catalytic spaces, and environmental conditions within COFs enhance selectivity and stability.

Conclusions:

  • COFs offer a promising solution to the challenges in designing multifunctional photocatalysts.
  • Further research is needed to address remaining issues in COF photocatalyst performance and recyclability.
  • The systematic integration of design and synthesis is key to unlocking the full potential of COFs in photocatalysis.