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Entropy Bounds for Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution with Local Bell Test.

Ernest Y-Z Tan¹, Ramona Wolf^2,3

¹Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.

Physical Review Letters

|October 7, 2024

Summary

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) can achieve longer distances by using a local Bell test to verify quantum correlations. This method allows for positive key rates even with lower detection efficiencies in the long-distance channel.

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Area of Science:

Quantum Information Science
Quantum Cryptography
Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution (DIQKD)

Background:

Achieving significant Bell violation over long distances is a major challenge in DIQKD due to channel losses and low detection efficiencies.
Existing methods for certifying nonlocal correlations over extended distances using local Bell tests have limitations in security analysis and key rate bounds.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a general formulation for computing key rates in DIQKD setups that leverage local Bell tests.
To analyze the security and performance of DIQKD with enhanced long-distance capabilities.

Main Methods:

Developed a general formulation for key rate computation applicable to DIQKD with auxiliary short-distance devices.
Integrated this formulation with advanced methods for analyzing standard DIQKD security.
Evaluated the impact of detection efficiencies on achievable key rates.

Main Results:

Demonstrated that positive key rates can be achieved in the long-distance branch even with lower detection efficiencies.
Showed that sufficiently high detection efficiencies in the short-distance devices enable improved DIQKD performance over extended distances.
The proposed method yields tighter bounds on key rates compared to previous approaches.

Conclusions:

Leveraging short-distance correlations via local Bell tests offers a promising strategy to enhance the performance of device-independent quantum key distribution over longer distances.
This approach addresses key limitations in current DIQKD protocols, particularly concerning detection efficiency and security against active attackers.