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State Variations In Progress Toward Eliminating Disparities In Infant Mortality, 2007-19
Samantha Goldfarb1, Megan Deichen Hansen2, Jessica Day3
1Samantha Goldfarb (sgoldfarb@fsu.edu), Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida.
Health Affairs (Project Hope)
|October 7, 2024
Summary
Eliminating the Black-White infant mortality gap in the US is slow and varies by state. From 2008 to 2018, most states improved, but some worsened, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Disparities Research
- Epidemiology
Background:
- The Black-White disparity in US infant mortality remains a critical public health issue.
- Progress toward eliminating this gap has been slow and inconsistent across different states.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze trends in the Black-White infant mortality rate ratio (IMR) across US states between 2008 and 2018.
- To identify states with worsening or improving disparities in infant mortality rates.
Main Methods:
- Utilized national infant mortality data for the period 2008-2018.
- Calculated and compared Black-White infant mortality rate ratios for thirty-two eligible states.
Main Results:
- Twenty-four out of thirty-two states showed a reduction in their Black-White IMR ratio, indicating improvement.
- Eight states experienced an increase in their Black-White IMR ratio, signifying a worsening disparity.
Conclusions:
- Significant state-level variability exists in addressing the Black-White infant mortality gap.
- Dynamic, multilevel public health initiatives are essential to prevent Black infant deaths and reduce disparities.
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