Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

151
Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
151
Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

140
Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
140
Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling01:17

Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling

1.1K
Enterohepatic cycling involves the active secretion of drugs and their metabolites into the bile via transporters in the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. This secretion is an integral part of the digestive process, releasing these substances into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
Post-release drugs and metabolites can be reabsorbed into the body from the intestine. For conjugated metabolites like glucuronides, reabsorption requires enzymatic hydrolysis by intestinal microflora. This...
1.1K
Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents

581
Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
581
Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

128
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
128
Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors01:16

Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors

96
The biliary system of the liver, crucial for bile secretion and drug excretion, comprises intrahepatic bile ducts that merge to form the common hepatic duct. This duct, carrying hepatic bile, combines with the cystic duct, draining the gallbladder and forming the common bile duct, which empties into the duodenum. Bile, produced by hepatic cells lining the bile canaliculi, is composed primarily of water, bile salts, pigments, electrolytes, and lesser amounts of cholesterol and fatty acids. Bile...
96

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Comparative efficacy and safety of olezarsen versus volanesorsen for familial chylomicronemia syndrome: a matching-adjusted indirect comparison.

Journal of comparative effectiveness research·2026
Same author

Adipose Tissue Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Altered Adipogenesis Are Associated With Dyslipidemia in Obesity: A Multiomics Profiling Study.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same author

Lactic acid bacteria and endogenous ethanol mediate proton pump inhibitor-associated MASLD: a multicohort cross-sectional mediation analysis.

Gut microbes·2026
Same author

Connecting fragmented aging research through the European Federation for Aging Research.

Nature aging·2026
Same author

An integrated germline and somatic genomic model for coronary artery disease.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Lipoprotein(a) and the Early Diagnosis, Complexity, and Extent of Coronary Artery Disease and Myocardial Infarction.

JACC. Advances·2026
Same journal

Proteomics-Based Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor Levels Are Associated With Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in the General Population: Insights From the UK Biobank.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same journal

Sex-Specific Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Stroke Mortality.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same journal

Social Determinants of Health and Cardiovascular Disease-Related Outcome Disparities Among Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same journal

Graded Associations Between Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Improvement and Cardiorenal Outcomes in Heart Failure With Improved Ejection Fraction.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same journal

Early Multimodal Motor Training After Stroke Promotes Motor Recovery and Whole-Brain Structural Remodeling.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
Same journal

EAT-Lancet Diet, Plasma Metabolites, and Risk of Peripheral Artery Disease: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Journal of the American Heart Association·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2025

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
00:04

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition

Published on: September 20, 2019

10.6K

Ursodeoxycholic Acid for Trans Intestinal Cholesterol Excretion Stimulation: A Randomized Placebo Controlled

Reindert F Oostveen1, Yannick Kaiser1, Merel L Hartgers1

  • 1Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam The Netherlands.

Journal of the American Heart Association
|October 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) did not increase fecal neutral sterols, a marker for trans intestinal cholesterol excretion (TICE). This hydrophilic bile acid treatment, combined with ezetimibe, unexpectedly raised LDL cholesterol levels in humans.

Keywords:
ezetimibelipidstrans intestinal cholesterol excretionursodeoxycholic acid

More Related Videos

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles
09:15

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles

Published on: November 10, 2017

14.6K
Cholesterol Efflux Assay
07:54

Cholesterol Efflux Assay

Published on: March 6, 2012

29.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2025

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition
00:04

A Clinical Trial Assessing the Safety, Efficacy, and Delivery of Olive-Oil-Based Three-Chamber Bags for Parenteral Nutrition

Published on: September 20, 2019

10.6K
Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles
09:15

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles

Published on: November 10, 2017

14.6K
Cholesterol Efflux Assay
07:54

Cholesterol Efflux Assay

Published on: March 6, 2012

29.8K

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Metabolism
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Trans intestinal cholesterol excretion (TICE) is a pathway for reducing plasma LDL cholesterol.
  • TICE involves direct cholesterol excretion by enterocytes into feces.
  • In mice, TICE is stimulated by hydrophilic bile acids, increasing fecal sterol loss and lowering plasma cholesterol.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a hydrophilic bile acid, increases fecal neutral sterols in humans.
  • To evaluate UDCA's effect on the trans intestinal cholesterol excretion (TICE) pathway as a proxy.
  • To assess UDCA's impact on plasma LDL cholesterol levels in conjunction with ezetimibe.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial involving 20 male participants with LDL cholesterol ≥2.6 mmol/L.
  • Participants received ezetimibe 20 mg daily for 3 weeks, followed by randomization to UDCA 600 mg or placebo daily for 2 weeks.
  • A 3-week washout period preceded the alternate treatment; fecal neutral sterols and plasma LDL cholesterol were measured.

Main Results:

  • UDCA treatment significantly reduced plasma bile acid hydrophobicity compared to placebo (P<0.001).
  • Fecal neutral sterol excretion showed no significant change between UDCA and placebo groups (P=0.51).
  • UDCA treatment resulted in a significant increase in LDL cholesterol compared to placebo (+8.1% vs -3.64%, P=0.002).

Conclusions:

  • UDCA, when combined with ezetimibe, increases bile acid hydrophilicity in humans but does not enhance fecal neutral sterol excretion.
  • The findings suggest that TICE is not stimulated by increased bile acid pool hydrophilicity in humans.
  • This combination therapy did not decrease LDL cholesterol and unexpectedly increased it, challenging UDCA's role in TICE stimulation.