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Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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Updated: Jun 11, 2025

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Is semantic dementia an outdated entity?

Serge Belliard1, Catherine Merck1

  • 1Service de neurologie, CMRR Haute Bretagne, CHU Pontchaillou, 35000 Rennes, France; Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000 Caen, France.

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior
|October 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The clinical utility of diagnosing semantic dementia is questioned. This review explores whether semantic dementia should be redefined or split into semantic variant primary progressive aphasia and semantic behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia.

Keywords:
Semantic behavioral variant frontotemporal dementiaSemantic dementiaSemantic knowledgeSemantic variant primary progressive aphasia

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The diagnostic criteria for semantic dementia have been debated for over a decade.
  • Recent proposals suggest redefining semantic dementia or splitting it into semantic variant primary progressive aphasia and semantic behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore theoretical considerations regarding the nature of disturbed knowledge in semantic dementia.
  • To evaluate the justification for proposed terminological changes in diagnosing semantic dementia.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of theoretical considerations on semantic knowledge.
  • Analysis of arguments for redefining or subdividing semantic dementia.

Main Results:

  • The review examines the basis for challenging the established concept of semantic dementia.
  • It assesses the clinical merit versus theoretical underpinnings of proposed diagnostic shifts.

Conclusions:

  • The study aims to clarify whether current terminology for semantic dementia remains clinically relevant.
  • It investigates the validity of dividing the condition into distinct verbal and socioemotional semantic subcomponents.