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The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell.
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Visible diffuse reflectance smartphone spectrometer with high spectral accuracy.

Md Sadik Al Rayhan1, Arnab Talukder1, Saptami Rani1

  • 1Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna 9203, Bangladesh.

Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
|October 8, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A low-cost smartphone spectrometer uses diffuse reflection for solid sample analysis. This portable device accurately detects food color pigments, enabling on-site adulteration identification.

Keywords:
Calibration scaleDiffuse reflectanceNon-linear wavelength distributionSmartphone spectroscopySolid sampleSurface analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Spectroscopy
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Optics

Background:

  • Traditional spectrometers are often bulky and expensive.
  • There is a need for portable, cost-effective analytical instruments for field use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a smartphone-based spectrometer for solid sample surface analysis.
  • To demonstrate its capability in detecting food color pigments and identifying adulteration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a smartphone camera with a thin-film grating and diffuse reflection principle.
  • Developed optical setup for spectral response calibration and detector response correction.
  • Achieved a wavelength resolution of 0.08 nm/pixel within the 400-700 nm range.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated successful detection of color pigments in food samples with <6% average spectral error.
  • Compared absorption peaks of standard food colors with unknown pastry cake colors.
  • Validated the instrument's potential for identifying toxic chemical food adulterants.

Conclusions:

  • The smartphone spectrometer is compact, robust, inexpensive (~$50), and field-portable.
  • This technology enables point-of-test analysis and immediate reporting for food safety.
  • Opens opportunities for smart, connected food adulteration detection.