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Redox Titration: Other Oxidizing and Reducing Agents01:26

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Besides iodine, other oxidizing or reducing agents can serve as titrants in redox titrations. Common oxidizing titrants include KMnO4, cerium(IV), and K2Cr2O7. The choice of oxidizing titrants depends on factors like stability, cost, analyte strength, and reaction rate between the analyte and titrant. KMnO4 is a strong oxidizing titrant that reduces from Mn(VII) to Mn(II) in a highly acidic solution, simultaneously oxidizing the analyte to a higher oxidation state. In this case, KMnO4 acts as a...
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A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
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Energy production within a cell involves many coordinated chemical pathways. Most of these pathways are combinations of oxidation and reduction reactions, which occur at the same time. An oxidation reaction strips an electron from an atom in a compound, and the addition of this electron to another compound is a reduction reaction. Because oxidation and reduction usually occur together, these pairs of reactions are called redox reactions.
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Does H2 Temperature-Programmed Reduction Always Probe Solid-State Redox Chemistry? The Case of Pt/CeO2.

Jaeha Lee1,2, Phillip Christopher1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-5080, United States.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|October 9, 2024
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Hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) on ceria surfaces does not directly measure oxide reducibility. Instead, it quantifies hydrogen spillover kinetics at platinum interfaces, revealing insights into platinum nanocluster concentrations.

Keywords:
CatalystCeriaH2 temperature-programmed reductionOxide reducibilityPlatinum

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Area of Science:

  • Catalysis
  • Surface Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Redox reactions on transition metal oxides are crucial for catalysis.
  • Hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) is a common method to study oxide reducibility.
  • H2-TPR assumes H2 consumption rate is limited by oxide reduction, overlooking intermediate steps.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the elementary steps probed by H2-TPR.
  • To evaluate H2 consumption kinetics over CeO2 and Pt/CeO2 catalysts.
  • To clarify the influence of platinum on H2-TPR characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Kinetic analysis of H2 consumption over CeO2 and Pt/CeO2 with varying Pt loadings.
  • Evaluation of H2-TPR over samples with mixed Pt single-atoms and nanoclusters.
  • Deconvolution of H2 dissociation, H-spillover, and surface reduction steps.

Main Results:

  • H2 consumption rate in H2-TPR is primarily determined by H-spillover at Pt-CeO2 interfaces.
  • The rate is controlled by H2 dissociation on Pt nanoclusters, not CeO2 reducibility.
  • Lower temperature H2 consumption with Pt addition indicates increased H-spillover, not enhanced CeO2 reducibility.
  • H2-TPR can quantify dilute Pt nanocluster concentrations.

Conclusions:

  • H2-TPR characteristics with Pt addition do not reflect increased CeO2 reducibility.
  • H2-TPR primarily probes H-spillover kinetics and Pt nanocluster concentration.
  • Caution is advised when directly linking H2-TPR to oxide reducibility; alternative material insights are possible.