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Affinity-based 3D-printed microfluidic chip for clinical sepsis detection with CD69, CD64, and CD25.

Kitiara Griffin1, Lindsee Miller1, Yijia Yang1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA.

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
|October 9, 2024
PubMed
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A novel 3D-printed microfluidic chip rapidly detects sepsis biomarkers (CD69, CD64, CD25) in blood. This innovative diagnostic tool offers high accuracy, significantly improving sepsis diagnosis time compared to traditional methods.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Immunology
  • Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Sepsis is a critical, life-threatening immune response to infection, leading to organ failure.
  • Current diagnostic methods like blood cultures and quick-Sequential-Organ-Failure-Assessment (qSOFA) lack sufficient accuracy and speed.
  • There is a pressing need for advanced diagnostic tools to improve sepsis patient survival rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a 3D-printed microfluidic chip for rapid and accurate sepsis cell capture.
  • To utilize specific cell surface antigens (CD69, CD64, CD25) as biomarkers for sepsis detection.
  • To compare the diagnostic performance of the microfluidic chip against standard methods.

Main Methods:

  • A 3D-printed microfluidic chip was engineered with antibodies (CD69, CD64, CD25) for cell capture.
Keywords:
3DPAntibodyAntigenCD25CD64CD69CellMicrofluidicQSOFASepsis

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  • Clinical blood samples from septic patients (n=125) and healthy volunteers (n=10) were analyzed.
  • Statistical analysis, including principal component analysis and ROC analysis, was performed to evaluate diagnostic accuracy.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant statistical differences in antigen cell counts (CD69, CD64, CD25) were observed between sepsis patients and healthy controls (p < 0.001).
    • The microfluidic chip demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy with Area Under the Curve (AUC) values reaching 0.997 for a combined biomarker panel.
    • The device provided results within 4 hours, substantially faster than conventional blood culture tests.

    Conclusions:

    • The 3D-printed microfluidic chip is a highly accurate and rapid diagnostic tool for sepsis detection.
    • The chip effectively captures and quantifies sepsis-associated cell markers, outperforming current diagnostic timelines.
    • This technology holds significant potential for improving clinical management and patient outcomes in sepsis cases.