A Case of Necrotizing Lymphadenitis Misdiagnosed as a Neck Abscess

Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL), also known as Kikuchi disease, is a relatively rare sub-acute necrotic localized lymphadenitis. This benign, self-limiting condition is characterized by fever, painful lymphadenopathy, skin rash, and other systemic symptoms. Due to its nonspecific presentation, unclear etiology, and pathogenesis, HNL has a low incidence rate in clinical practice. Insufficient awareness among clinicians and pathologists can easily lead to misdiagnosis. This article reported a 27-year-old female patient who was admitted to the hospital with fever, neck pain, and enlarged lymph nodes in the neck. There were no special medical or personal histories, and postoperative pathology confirmed tissue necrotizing lymphadenitis. After treatment with steroids and symptomatic therapy, she recovered and was discharged from the hospital. Follow-up to date has shown no recurrence.