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The Ras Gene

The Ras Gene

The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...

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Colorectal Cancer Brain Metastasis With Concomitant KRAS and BRAF Mutations: A Case Report.

Alexandra Vesa¹, Octavian Maghiar², Ottó Molnar³

¹Morphological Sciences, University of Oradea, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Oradea, ROU.

|October 10, 2024

Summary

Colorectal cancer brain metastasis is rare but aggressive. This case highlights a unique instance of colorectal cancer brain metastasis with concurrent KRAS and BRAF mutations, posing significant therapeutic challenges.

Keywords:

braf mutation brain metastasis colorectal cancer concomitant mutations kras

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Genetics

Background:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) brain metastasis (BM) is an uncommon and aggressive complication.
KRAS and BRAF mutations are significant drivers in CRC, but their concurrent presence is rare.

Observation:

A 62-year-old male presented with neurological symptoms indicative of brain metastasis.
CT imaging revealed multiple brain tumors, confirmed via biopsy as colonic adenocarcinoma with both KRAS and BRAF mutations.

Findings:

This case represents a rare occurrence of colorectal cancer brain metastasis with simultaneous KRAS and BRAF mutations.
The presence of both mutations complicates the clinical picture and treatment strategies.

Implications:

Highlights the importance of considering brain metastasis in CRC patients, even with uncommon presentations.
Underscores the need for further research into the clinical significance and therapeutic approaches for CRC with concurrent KRAS/BRAF mutations.