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Maternal and infant microbiome and birth anthropometry.
Swetha Padiyar1, Vanishree Nandakumar2, Swapna Kollikonda3
1Neonatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Iscience
|October 10, 2024
Summary
Maternal and infant microbiomes significantly impact birth outcomes and infant development. Understanding these microbial communities may lead to improved pregnancy and neonatal care strategies.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Genomics
- Neonatal Health
Background:
- Preterm birth is a major cause of infant mortality and illness.
- Microbiome imbalances in mothers and infants are linked to adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between maternal and infant microbiomes.
- To explore the influence of these microbiomes on birth anthropometrics and potential sex-based differences.
Main Methods:
- 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was used for microbial analysis.
- Bioinformatics tools (Phyloseq, microbiomeSeq, NetCoMi) were employed.
- Statistical analyses included Wilcoxon test, ANOVA, PERMANOVA, and linear regression.
Main Results:
- Infant microbiomes are established early, influenced by the mother's microbiome.
- Infant samples showed enrichment of *Salmonella*.
- Complex microbial interactions were observed at birth, varying between hosts.
- Both maternal and infant microbiomes correlate with anthropometric measures, with sex-based differences.
Conclusions:
- Maternal and infant microbiomes play a crucial role in pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.
- Further research into these microbiomes could improve maternal and infant health.
- The study underscores the intricate connection between host and microbiome from *in utero* development.
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