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Recurrent acute kidney injury is associated with delayed language development in infants with Congenital Heart

Chetna K Pande1, Ayse Akcan-Arikan1,2, Sonia Monteiro3

  • 1Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.

Cardiology in the Young
|October 10, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) is linked to severe language delays. This study highlights a novel association between CS-AKI and language impairment in pediatric patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Neonatal Neurology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Neurodevelopmental delay is common in infants undergoing congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery.
  • Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CS-AKI) is a frequent complication in pediatric cardiac intensive care units.
  • CS-AKI is linked to poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes, including cognitive, language, and motor deficits in children with CHD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between CS-AKI and specific neurodevelopmental domains, particularly receptive and expressive language and gross and fine motor skills.
  • To explore the relationship between recurrent CS-AKI and language and motor delays in infants with CHD.

Main Methods:

  • A single-center, retrospective observational cohort study.
  • Included children who had surgery for CHD and developed recurrent CS-AKI within the first year of life.
  • Neurodevelopmental testing utilized the Bayley Scale of Infant Development Version III, assessing language and motor subscales.

Main Results:

  • The study included 203 children.
  • Recurrent CS-AKI showed significant associations with lower scores in receptive and expressive language, and fine and gross motor skills in unadjusted analyses.
  • Adjusted analyses revealed a significant association between recurrent CS-AKI and severe receptive language delay.

Conclusions:

  • A novel independent association was found between recurrent CS-AKI and severe language delay in infants undergoing CHD surgery.
  • These findings enhance the understanding of language impairment in this pediatric population.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate this relationship and identify potentially modifiable factors.
Abstract

Keywords:
Congenital heart surgeryacute kidney injurylanguageneurodevelopmental delay

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