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Descriptors and factors affecting patients' symptom experiences for symptom self-management throughout palliative
Saengrawee Thanthong1, Grigorios Kotronoulas1, Bridget Johnston1,2
1School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK.
Objective:
Palliative thoracic radiotherapy is a key treatment option for symptom management in advanced lung cancer. Continuous symptom monitoring is critical to ensuring optimal therapeutic outcomes and preserving patients' well-being. This systematic review aimed to explore patients' symptom experiences during palliative thoracic radiotherapy for advanced lung cancer.
Methods:
Following PRISMA guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane, and PsycINFO from database inception through August 31, 2023. Eligible studies included those examining the prevalence and severity of symptoms and side effects experienced by adult patients undergoing palliative thoracic radiotherapy for advanced lung cancer, regardless of treatment duration or dosage. Methodological quality was assessed using the standardized QualSyst tool, and data were synthesized narratively.
Results:
A total of 8 studies met the inclusion criteria. Thirteen symptoms were reported prior to radiotherapy, with cough being the most common (62%). Symptom severity ranged from mild to severe, with dyspnoea recording the highest average score. Distress was not measured during this phase. Post-radiotherapy, fatigue was the most prevalent symptom (69%), followed by cough (64%) and dyspnoea (50%). Symptom severity varied across studies, with improvements noted in cough, dyspnoea, chest pain, and haemoptysis. Moderating factors influencing symptom prevalence and variation included performance status, weight loss, cancer stage, objective tumour response, and radiation-induced pulmonary changes.
Conclusions:
Symptom control through palliative thoracic radiotherapy demonstrates variability in both frequency and severity of symptoms. Systematic monitoring is essential for identifying persistent symptoms and determining the need for more targeted supportive care interventions.
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