Consensus research priorities for cancer nursing in Europe: A Delphi study

Identifying priority areas for cancer nursing research is essential for aligning research efforts with regional needs and improving outcomes for people affected by cancer. This Delphi study aimed to develop a strategic agenda of cancer nursing research priorities relevant to the European context.

A panel of experts in cancer nursing practice, research, policy, and education participated in a three-round Delphi study. A total of 115 research topics across 11 thematic areas were pre-identified through a systematic review and consultation with cancer nurses. From September 2023 to March 2024, participants ranked the importance of each topic. Final prioritisation was based on weighted average rankings and an 80 % consensus threshold in round 3.

Eighty-one cancer nursing experts participated in at least one round, with 57 completing all three rounds. In round 3, consensus was achieved for 73 of 123 items (59.3 %). The three highest-ranked thematic areas for future research were: 1) nurse-led care and models of cancer care, 2) unmet needs in cancer care, and 3) education, training, and professional development for nurses. The top three specific research priorities were: 1) understanding factors influencing recruitment, retention, and turnover within the European oncology nursing workforce, 2) evaluating the effectiveness of nurse-led interventions for people living with cancer, and 3) understanding risk factors for cancer diagnosis.

This study presents a consensus-based, regionally grounded research agenda for cancer nursing in Europe. The findings address urgent challenges in workforce sustainability, care models, and prevention, with implications for improving patient outcomes and guiding future nursing research.