Pierre-Marie Gagey and the Evolution of Posturology: Unraveling the Complexity of the Fine Postural Control System

The subtle sway of human standing posture began to be studied in the 19th century. Since then, numerous approaches - from the early statokinesiometers to the more advanced force platforms or 3D-posture recording systems - have been developed to understand human postural control physiology and its clinical implications. French physician Pierre-Marie Gagey made significant contributions to the field of posturology, a discipline focused on the intricacies of human postural control. From the 1950s, he advanced the field through observation and experimentation, particularly exploring the relationship between postural muscle tone and the fine postural control system. Gagey's collaboration with researchers of that time led to the refinement of stabilometry, a technique for measuring body sway in standing positions. Throughout his career, Gagey worked across multiple disciplines, including ophthalmology, podiatry, psychology, and the study of the vestibular and stomatognathic systems, to develop a comprehensive approach to postural assessment and treatment. His efforts culminated in the standardization of stabilometry, ensuring consistent and accurate measurements across different platforms. Gagey's work emphasized the complexity of postural control, highlighting the integration of peripheral and central nervous system inputs in maintaining balance. His research has left an enduring impact on the field of posturology, providing a framework for understanding and treating postural disorders. Pierre-Marie Gagey passed away in 2023, but his pioneering contributions continue to influence the study and clinical practice of human postural control. This narrative review aims to pay tribute to Dr. Gagey's career and research activity.