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Intracranial manifestations of central nervous system tuberculosis in children

Claudia Lazarte-Rantes1, Mario Sinti-Ycochea2, Daniel Guillen-Pinto3

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja, Av. Javier Prado Este 3101, Lima, Peru, 15037. claudiaisabellazarte@hotmail.com.

Pediatric Radiology
|October 11, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS-TB) in children requires early detection. Diagnostic imaging is key for identifying tuberculous meningitis and tuberculomas, improving patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health issue, with central nervous system TB (CNS-TB) comprising 1-10% of cases.
  • CNS-TB in children presents unique challenges, including tuberculous meningitis and tuberculomas.
  • Complications associated with pediatric CNS-TB can be severe.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the diverse clinical and imaging manifestations of CNS-TB in children.
  • To highlight the critical role of diagnostic imaging (CT and MRI) in early CNS-TB detection.
  • To emphasize the importance of multidisciplinary awareness for timely intervention.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations and imaging findings in pediatric CNS-TB.
  • Focus on tuberculous meningitis and tuberculomas.
  • Emphasis on CT and MRI modalities.

Main Results:

  • Diagnostic imaging is essential for the early identification of CNS-TB manifestations.
  • Imaging aids in differentiating CNS-TB from other pediatric neurological conditions.
  • Prompt recognition through imaging facilitates appropriate management.

Conclusions:

  • Early recognition of CNS-TB in children via imaging is crucial.
  • Multidisciplinary collaboration among pediatric radiologists, pediatricians, and neurologists is vital.
  • Improved awareness and timely intervention can lead to better outcomes for pediatric CNS-TB patients.

Keywords:
BrainCentral nervous systemChildrenComputed tomographyMagnetic resonance imagingTuberculomaTuberculosisTuberculous meningitis

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