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Related Concept Videos

Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

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The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same...
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Auditory Perception01:17

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The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
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Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

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The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by...
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Related Experiment Video

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Home-Based Monitor for Gait and Activity Analysis
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Estimation of Speech Features Using a Wearable Inertial Sensor.

Zuyu Du1, Yaodan Xu2, Xinsheng Yu3

  • 1School of Information Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.

Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation
|October 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers explored using chest vibrations to capture speech features, finding sternum acceleration effectively tracks prosody, loudness, and pitch. This demonstrates potential for new digital biomarkers without privacy concerns from microphones.

Keywords:
Correlation coefficientDigital biomarkerInertial sensorMicrophoneSpeech features

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Speech Processing
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • Speech features are emerging digital biomarkers for psychiatric and neurocognitive diseases.
  • Microphone-based speech recording faces limitations like privacy leakage and environmental noise, hindering clinical use, especially for long-term monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of extracting speech features from chest wall acceleration.
  • To assess sternum acceleration as a viable alternative to microphones for capturing speech characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Ten healthy subjects performed speech tasks (sentence repetition, reading) under varying rates and loudness.
  • Simultaneous recording of voice (microphone) and chest vibrations (sternum accelerometer).
  • Extraction and comparison of acoustic and time-related prosodic features from both signals using linear fit and correlation analysis.

Main Results:

  • High agreement was found between acceleration and microphone features for all six time-related prosodic features.
  • Good agreement was observed for 19 (task 1) and 17 (task 2) acoustic features, primarily related to loudness and pitch.
  • Sternum acceleration effectively tracks time-related speech prosody, loudness, and pitch.

Conclusions:

  • Deriving speech features from sternum acceleration is feasible.
  • This method offers a promising, privacy-preserving approach for developing digital biomarkers.
  • Potential applications exist for diseases linked to prosodic and loudness speech characteristics.