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Protective Factors Associated With Lower Likelihood of Injection Drug Use and Experiencing Overdose Among
Michele Staton1, Martha Tillson2, Mary M Levi3
1Department of Behavioral Science, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky.
Summary
Protective factors like age, religiosity, and social support can reduce drug injection and overdose risk in justice-involved women. Interventions should leverage these factors for prevention efforts.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Criminology
- Addiction Science
Background:
- Previous research examined protective factors for drug use risk behaviors in isolation.
- This study is the first to explore protective factors within a multilevel framework for women in the criminal justice system who use drugs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify protective factors within a socio-ecological framework against injection drug use and nonfatal overdose.
- To examine individual, interpersonal, and community/institutional factors associated with reduced risk behaviors.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from 900 incarcerated women with opioid use disorder.
- Multinomial logistic regression to assess protective factors (individual, interpersonal, community/institutional) related to drug injection and overdose in the 90 days prior to incarceration.
Main Results:
- Individual factors: older age, religiosity, less polysubstance use.
- Interpersonal factor: not having a partner who injects drugs.
- Community/institutional factors: fewer months incarcerated, less treatment utilization, less perceived stigma from healthcare workers.
Conclusions:
- Prevention interventions should be tailored to women's substance use severity.
- Capitalizing on protective factors can mitigate risks of injection drug use and overdose experiences.
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