[Changes in WHO classification of adrenal tumors and new ideas for multi-dimensional diagnosis and treatment]

In 2022, WHO updated the classification and concept of adrenal cortical and medullary tumors. In terms of adrenal cortical tumors, the WHO classification further standardizes the nomenclature of nodular adrenal cortical disease and refines the pathological classification of primary aldosteronism. In terms of adrenal medullary tumors, the WHO classification unifies the concepts of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, and reclassifies various concepts, including paraganglioma-like neuroendocrine tumors. The new standards not only cover the clinical manifestations of the disease, but also include other multiple aspects such as the histological origin of the disease, immunohistochemical manifestations, physiological mechanisms of the disease, hereditary susceptibility and prognostic factors. This article intends to explore how to improve the diagnostic and therapeutic level of adrenal tumors.