Cancer therapy-related interstitial lung disease.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Pulmonology
• Toxicology

Background:

• Cancer therapies, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and radiation, are increasingly used.
• Pulmonary toxicity is a growing concern, with interstitial lung disease (ILD) being a frequent and potentially fatal complication.
• Cancer therapy-related ILD (CT-ILD) necessitates critical recognition and management due to its rapid progression and life-threatening nature.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review risk factors, mechanisms, and clinical manifestations of CT-ILD.
• To provide insights into the diagnosis, imaging, and histological features of CT-ILD.
• To outline grading, typing, staging, and treatment strategies for CT-ILD management.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of cancer therapy-related interstitial lung disease.
• Synthesis of information on risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and diagnostic approaches.
• Compilation of current knowledge on treatment modalities for CT-ILD.

Main Results:

• CT-ILD arises from diverse cancer treatments and presents with varied clinical and imaging findings.
• Prompt diagnosis and intervention are critical for managing potentially fatal CT-ILD.
• A comprehensive understanding of CT-ILD is essential for effective patient care.

Conclusions:

• Cancer therapy-related ILD is a significant clinical challenge requiring multidisciplinary management.
• This review consolidates key aspects of CT-ILD, aiding clinicians in diagnosis and treatment.
• Further research into mechanisms and targeted therapies may improve outcomes for patients with CT-ILD.